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The following is an excerpt from a book by J. Millard Burr
Robert O. Collins University of California, Santa Barbara titled
Alms for Jihad
Charity and Terrorism in the Islamic World
(ISBN-13: 9780511159374)
This was originally Published in July 2006 by Cambridge
I find the book unavailable, and several bloggers claim the book was bought up or pulped by one of the largest Islamic charities. Although the link exists to buy the book in ebook form, several people report that though the page takes your money it delivers no book.
Here is an excerpt from the full introduction
"Although the American Islamic community could generally depend on historical American sensitivity to religious organizations and a cultural hesitancy by western intelligence agents to investigate seemingly legitimate Islamic charities, the creation of the Office of Homeland Security nine days after 9/11 could not but focus scrutiny on the Muslim community. The FTATC task force, FBI, and local law enforcement soon found that certain Islamic institutions were operating sophisticated schemes to transfer funds to and from the USA, Canada, and Europe behind a wall of secrecy. Language and cultural mores complicated efforts to unravel their financial transactions or to understand the methods employed by Islamic charitable organizations that enabled them to frustrate investigations into their operations and money-laundering in support of those Islamic terrorist organizations that operated illegally under American law. Moreover, Islamic charities could invariably depend on local Muslims to defend them despite the fact they would never receive or demand an accounting of their donations. Reputable Islamic charitable institutions traditionally devoted to educational and humanitarian works could easily be hijacked by Islamists without the knowledge of the Muslim congregation who disapproved of them.
Assistant Secretary of the Treasury Kenneth Dam made it very clear that Muslim charities, one of the pillars of the Islamic faith, would receive increasing scrutiny despite the fact that FTATC had yet to acquire the necessary evidence to determine which charities had been using funds for uncharitable purposes. “At the same time, there is no denying that some legitimate charities have been penetrated by terrorists or terrorist supporters – possibly by only a few managerial employees – who misdirect a portion of the charity’s funds for terrorist ends . . . [and those front charities] primarily organized and directed to abuse charitable status for terrorist ends . . . . [who threatened] not only their targets, but their donors” in their efforts to extract donations. “Our challenge is to prevent terrorists from using charities as a cover for supporting terrorism while ensuring that charitable giving and charitable works continue.”10
In order for FTATC to begin freezing the flow of funds through charities for Islamist terrorist organizations, it had to build a database. This was extremely difficult, for there were hundreds of Islamic non-government organizations (NGOs) operating throughout the world, and the number of those charities that supported the Islamist revolution could not be guessed. Moreover, like charities in the West, those in the East could be created for a particular purpose and upon completion of the project disappear from the record. Nevertheless, the work of FTATC seeking “transparency and oversight” of Muslim charities was cautiously regarded with favor by the Muslim community and those Islamic governments who were as anxious as the USA to know the operations of Islamic charities in their own countries. The Bush administration announced that it was “gratified by the positive response that these initiatives have received from other governments and the charitable community.” "
My experience is that the functioning of Zakat commities inside Islamic Businesses are deliberately opaq. One footnote - the book was completed before the 2007 Islamic NGO trials in Dallas, TX. There, the charges against the Richardson NGO was largely dismissed by the Jury.
-Shimron
Monday, December 31, 2007
Tuesday, December 25, 2007
Hizbul Shabaab
Hizbul Shabaab (Arabic, "The Party of Youth")[1] or Al-Shabaab (Arabic, "The Youth") is the militant youth movement wing of the Islamic Courts Union, and described as an extremist splinter group. However, the term "Shabaab" is common in the Islamic world for youth groups, and Hizbul Shabaab should not be confused with other more peaceful endeavors.
Shabbab is the a hard-line faction within the Islamic Courts Union (ICU)[1] designated as an Islamic terrorist group.
Shabbab is the a hard-line faction within the Islamic Courts Union (ICU)[1] designated as an Islamic terrorist group.
- Top on the agenda is the establishment of the rule of sharia.
- The group was founded in 2004[2].
- It recruits jihadists to wage war against enemies of Islam.
- Their core comprised veterans who fought and defeated the secular Mogadishu warlords of the Alliance for the Restoration of Peace and Counter-Terrorism (ARPCT) at the Second Battle of Mogadishu.[2]
- Their origins are not clearly known, but former members say Hizbul Shabaab was founded as early as 2004.
- Before the losses sustained by the Islamic Courts Union in December 2006, estimates of their strength varied between 3,000 to 7,000 members.
- Members earned a salary of $70 a month, paid for by their leader, Aden Hashi Farah "Eyrow" (or Ayro). Training comprised a six-week basic course. A few were sent to advanced training in Eritrea for guerrilla tactics and explosives.[3]
- On June 10, 2006 a report in The Guardian stated, "An unnamed network run by one of Aweys's proteges, Aden Hashi Farah "Ayro", has been linked to the murder of four western aid workers and more than a dozen Somalis who allegedly cooperated with counter-terror organisations."[4]
On June 15, 2006 the leader of Al-Shabaab, Aden Hashi Farah "Eyrow", was said to have taken a load of arms sent from Eritrea [5] (see page 12).
On July 26, 2006, Sheikh Mukhtar Roboow "Abu-Mansuur" was reported accepting another load of arms from Eritrea[5] (see page 15). - In July, 720 Somali volunteers were selected by Aden Hashi Farah "Eyrow" to travel to Lebanon to fight against the Israelis. Of those, only 80 returned to Mogadishu.
- In September, another 20 returned, along with five members of Hizbollah.[5] (see page 24).
- The bankruptcy of a remittance company, Dalsan, International, whose staff included the brother of Aden Hashi Farah "Eyrow", involved the suspicious disappearance of $10 million dollars. It was alleged, "an ICU military leader managed to divert a large amount of money to help financially support the organization in their fight for the control of Mogadishu during the June 2006 confrontation with the former counter terrorism alliance"[5] (see page 39).
- (Also see ARPCT, Second Battle of Mogadishu)
- As of January 6, 2007, after the Fall of Mogadishu and Kismayo to the TFG, the leaders of the Shabaab were in hiding still at large.[6]
- A member of the disbanded group said they once numbered about 1,000 (lower than other claims by former members), but they do not have any weapons any more. Still, there was support for the call of Al-Qaeda leaders to maintain jihad against the Ethiopians and secular government.[7]
This has been posted here in light of the possiblity that it will disapear at some point, as much data about islamist terror groups seems to disappear from Wikipepia over time. As of the date of this post, this data was present in Wikipeida.
Since January of 2007, the Shabaab has regrouped and at least been rearmed. The continue to participate in insurgent activitiy in Somalia.
They have showed some independance of the Islamic Courts Union, in that that they refused to participate in the Summit meetings at Kismayo in Eriteria. THe Islamic Courts Unions did participate.
Their communication appears to be multi-national-Islamist Umma expansion, more interested in Salafist doctrine than in peace for Somalia...
-Shimron
Sunday, December 23, 2007
Burundi PeaceKeepers in Somalia
By Aweys Yusuf and Abdi Sheikh
MOGADISHU (Reuters) - A first contingent of 100 peacekeepers from Burundi deployed in the Somali capital Mogadishu on Sunday, hours after fighting between Islamist rebels and government forces killed at least four people.
The arrival of the Burundian soldiers in the rubble-strewn city marked the first phase of long-delayed support for 1,600 Ugandan troops who began work in March as the vanguard of a planned 8,000-strong African Union (AU) mission.
"One hundred peacekeepers from Burundi have just landed here," Captain Paddy Ankunda, the AU force spokesman, told Reuters at Mogadishu's heavily guarded international airport.
Burundi's government had pledged to send about 1,700 troops to Somalia's capital. They were meant to arrive in July, but their deployment was repeatedly delayed.
In Burundi's capital, Bujumbura, an army spokesman said the rest of the contingent of two battalions of 850 soldiers each should be on the ground within the next two weeks.
"The team went to prepare the ground for the rest of the troops," Colonel Adolphe Manirakiza told Reuters.
Without support, the Ugandans have been restricted to guarding Mogadishu's sea and air ports and presidential palace, as well as providing security for top government officials.
Fierce battles broke out overnight in northern neighbourhoods of the city as Islamist-led insurgents attacked government security forces and their Ethiopian allies.
The Rest @ Reuters Africa
MOGADISHU (Reuters) - A first contingent of 100 peacekeepers from Burundi deployed in the Somali capital Mogadishu on Sunday, hours after fighting between Islamist rebels and government forces killed at least four people.
The arrival of the Burundian soldiers in the rubble-strewn city marked the first phase of long-delayed support for 1,600 Ugandan troops who began work in March as the vanguard of a planned 8,000-strong African Union (AU) mission.
"One hundred peacekeepers from Burundi have just landed here," Captain Paddy Ankunda, the AU force spokesman, told Reuters at Mogadishu's heavily guarded international airport.
Burundi's government had pledged to send about 1,700 troops to Somalia's capital. They were meant to arrive in July, but their deployment was repeatedly delayed.
In Burundi's capital, Bujumbura, an army spokesman said the rest of the contingent of two battalions of 850 soldiers each should be on the ground within the next two weeks.
"The team went to prepare the ground for the rest of the troops," Colonel Adolphe Manirakiza told Reuters.
Without support, the Ugandans have been restricted to guarding Mogadishu's sea and air ports and presidential palace, as well as providing security for top government officials.
Fierce battles broke out overnight in northern neighbourhoods of the city as Islamist-led insurgents attacked government security forces and their Ethiopian allies.
The Rest @ Reuters Africa
Friday, December 14, 2007
HSBC
From the website:
Headquartered in London, HSBC is one of the largest banking and financial services
organisations in the world. HSBC's international network comprises over 10,000 offices in 83 countries and territories in Europe, the Asia-Pacific region, the Americas, the Middle East and Africa.
There is an interesting Post from Islamic Finance that sugggests that HSBC in Dubai does not require a residency permit to open an account there.
It also says that there is an offshore connection in Guernsey a Channel Island Brittish protectorate off the coast of Normandy in France - Not a memeber of the European Union or a subject of the UK, though HSBC apopears to have a branch there
It offers Islamic Bank accounts
While there may be no overt policy that supports terrorism, their structure may accomodate financial transactions that support terrorism, and they are not the only bank.
Transactions through these accounts, and the accomodation of their customers, Zacat requests is something that bears watching
According to the HSBC Website:
Headquartered in London, HSBC is one of the largest banking and financial services
organisations in the world. HSBC's international network comprises over 10,000 offices in 83 countries and territories in Europe, the Asia-Pacific region, the Americas, the Middle East and Africa.
There is an interesting Post from Islamic Finance that sugggests that HSBC in Dubai does not require a residency permit to open an account there.
It also says that there is an offshore connection in Guernsey a Channel Island Brittish protectorate off the coast of Normandy in France - Not a memeber of the European Union or a subject of the UK, though HSBC apopears to have a branch there
It offers Islamic Bank accounts
While there may be no overt policy that supports terrorism, their structure may accomodate financial transactions that support terrorism, and they are not the only bank.
Transactions through these accounts, and the accomodation of their customers, Zacat requests is something that bears watching
- Activities of their Sharia comitte should be public
- Organizations that receive Zacat funds should be released to the public
According to the HSBC Website:
- It Accomodates Internet banking
- It has locations in
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Bahamas
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Belgium
Bermuda
Brazil
British Virgin Islands
Brunei Darussalam
Canada
Cayman Islands
Chile
China
Cook Islands
Costa Rica
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Egypt
France
Germany
Greece
Guernsey
Honduras
Hong Kong - HSBC
Hong Kong - Hang Seng
Hungary
India
Indonesia
Ireland
Isle of Man
Israel
Italy
Japan
Jersey
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Korea
Kuwait
Lebanon
Libya
Luxembourg
Macau
Malaysia
Maldives
Malta
Mauritius
Mexico
Monaco
Netherlands
New Zealand
Oman
Pakistan
Palestinian Autonomous Area
Panama
Peru
Philippines
Poland
Qatar
Russia
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
Slovakia
South Africa
Spain
Sri Lanka
Sweden
Switzerland
Taiwan
Thailand
Turkey
USA - HSBC Bank USA
USA
United Arab Emirates
United Kingdom - First Direct
United Kingdom - HFC
United Kingdom
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
Wednesday, December 12, 2007
AQIM Emir Abdelmalek Droukdel Assets to be Frozen
This is a notice from the US Treasury department organisation: It was posted on 4/12/07. In light of 2 Bombings in Algiers 5 days later, some claim by AQIM, I suggest this is the prime suspect.
-Shimron
Treasury Designates AQIM Emir
DOB: 20 April 1970
POB: Meftah, Algeria
Alt. POB: Khemis El Khechna, Algeria
Address: Meftah, Algeria
Nationality: Algerian
Washington, DC--The U.S. Department of the Treasury today designated Abdelmalek Droukdel (Droukdel), the leader or emir of Al Qaida in the Lands of the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM). AQIM, a violent extremist group based in Algeria, merged with al Qaida in September 2006.
"As emir of AQIM, Droukdel has supervised and ordered deadly terrorist attacks against innocents," said Adam J. Szubin, Director of the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC). "We will continue efforts to dismantle AQIM's financial infrastructure and financially isolate its members."
As a result of the merger with Al Qaida, AQIM, formerly known as the Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat (GSPC), changed its name to AQIM. Droukdel assumed leadership of AQIM in mid-2004.
Today's action was taken pursuant to Executive Order 13224, which targets the financial networks of terrorist groups and their facilitators. As a result of the designation, any assets Droukdel may have under U.S. jurisdiction are frozen, and U.S. persons are prohibited from doing business with Droukdel.
Droukdel reportedly supervised the April 2007 AQIM bombings of the Prime Minister's office and police facilities in Algiers, killing 33. Droukdel used an April 2007 Internet video addressing these bombings as a vehicle to urge his followers to become suicide bombers. He also ordered the December 2006 attack on a U.S. company's bus in Algiers that killed one and wounded nine, including a U.S. citizen. Further, Droukdel ordered the March 2006 assassination of a former AQIM leader who had surrendered to Algerian authorities.
In a May 2007 video announcement, Droukdel publicly called on regional AQIM commanders to seek recruits and select targets for suicide bombings. Speaking on behalf of AQIM, Droukdel has announced AQIM's formal allegiance to al Qaida, encouraging other jihadist movements to join al Qaida, and reaffirmed allegiance to Usama bin Laden (UBL). Droukdel publicly announced GSPC's name change to Al Qaida in the Lands of the Islamic Maghreb, and stated AQIM's decision in May 2007 to use "future martyrdom operations."
Droukdel in 2006 stated that he had consulted with al Qaida second-in-command and Specially Designated Global Terrorist Ayman al-Zawahiri regarding AQIM's upcoming plans and missions in Algeria and the Maghreb countries.
GSPC was one of the fifteen entities originally named as an SDGT pursuant to E.O. 13224 on September 23, 2001 and was added to the UN's consolidated list of individuals and entities associated with UBL, al Qaida and the Taliban on October 6, 2001.
Identifying Information
AKAs: Abdelmalek Droukdal
Abdelmalek Droukadal
Abdelmalek Dardakil
Abdelmalek Drokdal
Abdelmalek Dourkdal
Abdelmalek Drougdel
Abdelmalek Droukbel
Abdelmalek Derdoukal
Abdel Malek Deroudel
Abdel Malek Droukdel
Abdelmalik Droukdal
`Abd al-Malik Drukdal
`Abd al-Malik Durikdal
`Abd-al-Malik Drokdal
Abd-al-Malik Dridqal
Abdelouadour Droukdel
Abu-Mus'ab Abd-al-Wadud
ABDELMALEK DROUKDEL
Abou Mossaab Abdelouadoud
Abu Musab Abdeloudoud
Abu Mussaab Abdelouadodud
Abu Mus'ab Abdelouadoud
Abu Mossab Abdelouadoud
Abou Moussaab Abdelouadoude
Abou Moussab Abdelouadoud
Abou Mousaab Abdelouadoud
Abou Musab Abdelouadoud
Abu Musab Oudoud
Abou Mossab Abdelouadoud
Abou Mossab
Abd El Ouadoud
Abou Mousab
Abd El Ouadoud
Abi Mossaab
Abd El-Ouadoud
Abi Mousaab
Abdelouadoud
Abu Mossaab
Abdel El-Wadoud
Abou Mossab
Abdel Wadoud
Abou Mossab
Abdel wadoud
Abou Moussaab
Abdel Wadoud
Abdou Moussa
Abd al-Wadoub
Abou Mosaab
Abkelwadoud
Abou Abdelwadoud
Abdelouadoud
Abou Mossab
Abdelouadoud
Abou Mossaah
Abdelwadoud
Abou Mossaab
Abdelwadoud
abu Musab Droukdal
Abdelmalek Drokdal
Abdelmalek Droukdel
Abdelmalek
-Shimron
Treasury Designates AQIM Emir
DOB: 20 April 1970
POB: Meftah, Algeria
Alt. POB: Khemis El Khechna, Algeria
Address: Meftah, Algeria
Nationality: Algerian
Washington, DC--The U.S. Department of the Treasury today designated Abdelmalek Droukdel (Droukdel), the leader or emir of Al Qaida in the Lands of the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM). AQIM, a violent extremist group based in Algeria, merged with al Qaida in September 2006.
"As emir of AQIM, Droukdel has supervised and ordered deadly terrorist attacks against innocents," said Adam J. Szubin, Director of the Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC). "We will continue efforts to dismantle AQIM's financial infrastructure and financially isolate its members."
As a result of the merger with Al Qaida, AQIM, formerly known as the Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat (GSPC), changed its name to AQIM. Droukdel assumed leadership of AQIM in mid-2004.
Today's action was taken pursuant to Executive Order 13224, which targets the financial networks of terrorist groups and their facilitators. As a result of the designation, any assets Droukdel may have under U.S. jurisdiction are frozen, and U.S. persons are prohibited from doing business with Droukdel.
Droukdel reportedly supervised the April 2007 AQIM bombings of the Prime Minister's office and police facilities in Algiers, killing 33. Droukdel used an April 2007 Internet video addressing these bombings as a vehicle to urge his followers to become suicide bombers. He also ordered the December 2006 attack on a U.S. company's bus in Algiers that killed one and wounded nine, including a U.S. citizen. Further, Droukdel ordered the March 2006 assassination of a former AQIM leader who had surrendered to Algerian authorities.
In a May 2007 video announcement, Droukdel publicly called on regional AQIM commanders to seek recruits and select targets for suicide bombings. Speaking on behalf of AQIM, Droukdel has announced AQIM's formal allegiance to al Qaida, encouraging other jihadist movements to join al Qaida, and reaffirmed allegiance to Usama bin Laden (UBL). Droukdel publicly announced GSPC's name change to Al Qaida in the Lands of the Islamic Maghreb, and stated AQIM's decision in May 2007 to use "future martyrdom operations."
Droukdel in 2006 stated that he had consulted with al Qaida second-in-command and Specially Designated Global Terrorist Ayman al-Zawahiri regarding AQIM's upcoming plans and missions in Algeria and the Maghreb countries.
GSPC was one of the fifteen entities originally named as an SDGT pursuant to E.O. 13224 on September 23, 2001 and was added to the UN's consolidated list of individuals and entities associated with UBL, al Qaida and the Taliban on October 6, 2001.
Identifying Information
AKAs: Abdelmalek Droukdal
Abdelmalek Droukadal
Abdelmalek Dardakil
Abdelmalek Drokdal
Abdelmalek Dourkdal
Abdelmalek Drougdel
Abdelmalek Droukbel
Abdelmalek Derdoukal
Abdel Malek Deroudel
Abdel Malek Droukdel
Abdelmalik Droukdal
`Abd al-Malik Drukdal
`Abd al-Malik Durikdal
`Abd-al-Malik Drokdal
Abd-al-Malik Dridqal
Abdelouadour Droukdel
Abu-Mus'ab Abd-al-Wadud
ABDELMALEK DROUKDEL
Abou Mossaab Abdelouadoud
Abu Musab Abdeloudoud
Abu Mussaab Abdelouadodud
Abu Mus'ab Abdelouadoud
Abu Mossab Abdelouadoud
Abou Moussaab Abdelouadoude
Abou Moussab Abdelouadoud
Abou Mousaab Abdelouadoud
Abou Musab Abdelouadoud
Abu Musab Oudoud
Abou Mossab Abdelouadoud
Abou Mossab
Abd El Ouadoud
Abou Mousab
Abd El Ouadoud
Abi Mossaab
Abd El-Ouadoud
Abi Mousaab
Abdelouadoud
Abu Mossaab
Abdel El-Wadoud
Abou Mossab
Abdel Wadoud
Abou Mossab
Abdel wadoud
Abou Moussaab
Abdel Wadoud
Abdou Moussa
Abd al-Wadoub
Abou Mosaab
Abkelwadoud
Abou Abdelwadoud
Abdelouadoud
Abou Mossab
Abdelouadoud
Abou Mossaah
Abdelwadoud
Abou Mossaab
Abdelwadoud
abu Musab Droukdal
Abdelmalek Drokdal
Abdelmalek Droukdel
Abdelmalek
Tuesday, December 11, 2007
AQIM - two Car Bombs in Algiers- Ben Aknoun and Hydra
ALGIERS, Dec 11 (Reuters) (Algerina French News Video)
Suspected Al Qaeda militants detonated twin car bombs in the Algerian capital on Tuesday, killing at least 26 people and possibly up to 67 in one of the bloodiest attacks since an undeclared civil war in the 1990s.
Al Qaeda's North African wing said in a statement on an Islamist Internet site that two of its members carried out the bombings in the North African oil and gas exporting country.
The group posted pictures of what it said were the two suicide bombers holding assault rifles. No independent verification of the statement was immediately available.
An official tally put the death toll at 26 and wounded at 177, while a Health Ministry source said 67 people were killed.
Prime Minister Abdelaziz Belkhadem said the government had no reason to hide casualties and that it was immoral for international media to "bid up" the death toll.
The United Nations said at least five of its employees were feared to have been killed when one blast destroyed the offices of the U.N. Development Program and severely damaged the offices of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees.
"I have no doubt that the U.N. was targeted," the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees, Antonio Guterres, told BBC television. The United Nations has a low profile in Algeria.
Algerian Interior Minister Noureddine Yazid Zerhouni accused the Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat of being behind the attacks, using the former name of Al Qaeda's North African wing.
Al Qaeda's North African wing claimed responsibility for a similar bombing in Algiers in April and other blasts east of the capital this year that have worried foreign investors in the OPEC member state.
The White House, concerned by Islamist militancy in North Africa, described the attackers as "enemies of humanity".
One of Tuesday's blasts occurred near the Constitutional Court building in the Ben Aknoun district
Suspected Al Qaeda militants detonated twin car bombs in the Algerian capital on Tuesday, killing at least 26 people and possibly up to 67 in one of the bloodiest attacks since an undeclared civil war in the 1990s.
Al Qaeda's North African wing said in a statement on an Islamist Internet site that two of its members carried out the bombings in the North African oil and gas exporting country.
The group posted pictures of what it said were the two suicide bombers holding assault rifles. No independent verification of the statement was immediately available.
An official tally put the death toll at 26 and wounded at 177, while a Health Ministry source said 67 people were killed.
Prime Minister Abdelaziz Belkhadem said the government had no reason to hide casualties and that it was immoral for international media to "bid up" the death toll.
The United Nations said at least five of its employees were feared to have been killed when one blast destroyed the offices of the U.N. Development Program and severely damaged the offices of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees.
"I have no doubt that the U.N. was targeted," the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees, Antonio Guterres, told BBC television. The United Nations has a low profile in Algeria.
Algerian Interior Minister Noureddine Yazid Zerhouni accused the Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat of being behind the attacks, using the former name of Al Qaeda's North African wing.
Al Qaeda's North African wing claimed responsibility for a similar bombing in Algiers in April and other blasts east of the capital this year that have worried foreign investors in the OPEC member state.
The White House, concerned by Islamist militancy in North Africa, described the attackers as "enemies of humanity".
One of Tuesday's blasts occurred near the Constitutional Court building in the Ben Aknoun district
- The other was near the U.N. offices and a police station in the Hydra area. Several Western companies have offices in the two areas.
- Students travelling in a school bus were among the casualties in Ben Aknoun, the official APS news agency said.
Goukouni Oueddei's Interactions with Chad
Goukouni Oueddei (born 1944) is a Chadian political figure, son of Oueddei Kichidemi, derde of the Teda.
Goukouni, from the northern half of the country, entered politics in the late 1960s as a militant in the National Liberation Front of Chad (FROLINAT) led by Abba Siddick.
FROLINAT resented the political dominance enjoyed by southerners under the presidency of François Tombalbaye and advocated the participation of central and northern peoples. After Tombalbaye's assassination in 1975, tensions between the two geographical halves escalated into a convoluted civil war that involved several Chadian political groups, Libya, the United States, and France.
The conflict was to last through the 1980s. Goukouni viewed the dictatorial Tombalbaye regime as an instrument of continued French hegemony in Chad.
Goukouni was installed as interim Chadian head of state on 23 March 1979. He was acclaimed President of the Transitional Government of National Unity (GUNT), which sought reconciliation between warring factions, on 10 November 1979....
...The GUNT was, however, overthrown by Habré loyalists on 7 June 1982. Goukouni fled into Algerian exile, Acyl died in an unrelated accident, and Kamougué lost much of his base as Habré consolidated his power into a centralized military dictatorship.
By 1983, Goukouni returned to Chad with substantial Libyan assistance to fight the Habré régime through guerrilla warfare. He was the most recognized Chadian oppositionist, whose views carried significant weight, though Habré granted only limited concessions in an attempt to reconcile with Goukouni. The former president reportedly demanded a new constitution and liberalization of political party activity, which Habré did not accede to.
Goukouni met with current Chadian president Idriss Déby on April 17, 2007, in Libreville, Gabon, to discuss ways to end the current civil war. Saying that Chad was in grave danger, Goukouni expressed a hope that he could use his "moral authority" to save it. He said that in turn he wanted to be allowed to return to Chad from exile in the future, and he said that Déby had agreed to that.[1][2] On April 19, the leaders of two rebel groups rejected Goukouni's offer to mediate.[3]
Goukouni returned to Chad on July 30, 2007, along with about twenty other exiled opponents of the regime, for a discussion with Déby regarding the rebellion and how to resolve the situation. Goukouni and the others left Chad and returned to Libreville later on the same day.[4]
The Rest @ from Wikipedia
Goukouni, from the northern half of the country, entered politics in the late 1960s as a militant in the National Liberation Front of Chad (FROLINAT) led by Abba Siddick.
FROLINAT resented the political dominance enjoyed by southerners under the presidency of François Tombalbaye and advocated the participation of central and northern peoples. After Tombalbaye's assassination in 1975, tensions between the two geographical halves escalated into a convoluted civil war that involved several Chadian political groups, Libya, the United States, and France.
The conflict was to last through the 1980s. Goukouni viewed the dictatorial Tombalbaye regime as an instrument of continued French hegemony in Chad.
Goukouni was installed as interim Chadian head of state on 23 March 1979. He was acclaimed President of the Transitional Government of National Unity (GUNT), which sought reconciliation between warring factions, on 10 November 1979....
...The GUNT was, however, overthrown by Habré loyalists on 7 June 1982. Goukouni fled into Algerian exile, Acyl died in an unrelated accident, and Kamougué lost much of his base as Habré consolidated his power into a centralized military dictatorship.
By 1983, Goukouni returned to Chad with substantial Libyan assistance to fight the Habré régime through guerrilla warfare. He was the most recognized Chadian oppositionist, whose views carried significant weight, though Habré granted only limited concessions in an attempt to reconcile with Goukouni. The former president reportedly demanded a new constitution and liberalization of political party activity, which Habré did not accede to.
Goukouni met with current Chadian president Idriss Déby on April 17, 2007, in Libreville, Gabon, to discuss ways to end the current civil war. Saying that Chad was in grave danger, Goukouni expressed a hope that he could use his "moral authority" to save it. He said that in turn he wanted to be allowed to return to Chad from exile in the future, and he said that Déby had agreed to that.[1][2] On April 19, the leaders of two rebel groups rejected Goukouni's offer to mediate.[3]
Goukouni returned to Chad on July 30, 2007, along with about twenty other exiled opponents of the regime, for a discussion with Déby regarding the rebellion and how to resolve the situation. Goukouni and the others left Chad and returned to Libreville later on the same day.[4]
The Rest @ from Wikipedia
Friday, December 07, 2007
Last Wake Up Call from Guinea Bissau - Africa's First Narco State
Guinea Bissau is one of the poorest countries in the world, but visit a local nightclub and you soon discover that some people there are making a lot of money.
Top-of-the-range four-wheel drive vehicles can be seen parked outside and whisky seems to be the favoured drink. Each glass costs several times the average daily income of less than $1 a day.
This money is not coming from the country's traditional mainstay, cashew nuts. It is coming from cocaine.
"We can see these people walking in complete freedom; they are parading their wealth," says Jamel Handem, the head of a coalition of civic groups known as Platform GB.
"They're showing it completely openly."
See map of West African cocaine seizures
The geography of the country is crucial, according to university rector and social commentator Fafali Kudawo.
"This is a country that has a mainland, and a group of islands - an archipelago - and the maritime part of the country is bigger than the mainland," he says.
"And the country doesn't have a navy to control all that space. It's an open border for whoever wants to bring drugs into the country."
The near-total absence of the rule of law also makes Guinea Bissau attractive to drugs.
Lucinda Aukarie: Tonnes of cocaine pass through Guinea Bissau each week"Law enforcement has literally no control for two reasons: there is no capacity and there is no equipment," says Amado Philip de Andres, the deputy regional head of the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). ...
..."The head of the judicial police, Lucinda Aukarie, knows she is confronting a massive problem.
"We not sure exactly how much cocaine is moving through the country, but we think each week there are tonnes," she says......
....."This is now actually the last wake-up call that the international community can receive," he says.
"Please act now, we have to act now. If we don't the situation will explode.
"Drug traffickers know that they can move freely in Bissau, they will do it, they will take control of the region, they will coordinate and we'll all be the losers - meaning the international community and West African countries."
A donor conference to be held in Portugal on 19 December may signal a change of attitude.
If not, Guinea Bissau faces the prospect of becoming a unique type of failed state - a "narco-state" - run mainly for the benefit of drugs gangs.
The Rest @ the BBC
Top-of-the-range four-wheel drive vehicles can be seen parked outside and whisky seems to be the favoured drink. Each glass costs several times the average daily income of less than $1 a day.
This money is not coming from the country's traditional mainstay, cashew nuts. It is coming from cocaine.
"We can see these people walking in complete freedom; they are parading their wealth," says Jamel Handem, the head of a coalition of civic groups known as Platform GB.
"They're showing it completely openly."
See map of West African cocaine seizures
The geography of the country is crucial, according to university rector and social commentator Fafali Kudawo.
"This is a country that has a mainland, and a group of islands - an archipelago - and the maritime part of the country is bigger than the mainland," he says.
"And the country doesn't have a navy to control all that space. It's an open border for whoever wants to bring drugs into the country."
The near-total absence of the rule of law also makes Guinea Bissau attractive to drugs.
Lucinda Aukarie: Tonnes of cocaine pass through Guinea Bissau each week"Law enforcement has literally no control for two reasons: there is no capacity and there is no equipment," says Amado Philip de Andres, the deputy regional head of the UN Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC). ...
..."The head of the judicial police, Lucinda Aukarie, knows she is confronting a massive problem.
"We not sure exactly how much cocaine is moving through the country, but we think each week there are tonnes," she says......
....."This is now actually the last wake-up call that the international community can receive," he says.
"Please act now, we have to act now. If we don't the situation will explode.
"Drug traffickers know that they can move freely in Bissau, they will do it, they will take control of the region, they will coordinate and we'll all be the losers - meaning the international community and West African countries."
A donor conference to be held in Portugal on 19 December may signal a change of attitude.
If not, Guinea Bissau faces the prospect of becoming a unique type of failed state - a "narco-state" - run mainly for the benefit of drugs gangs.
The Rest @ the BBC
RIA Novosti Announces Russia is Trying to Return to Africa
I found this quaint commentary-propaganda piece by RIA Novosti commentator Dina Lyakhovich, dated the 8th of October, 2007. There are others like it out there too. All by the same commentator and agency, trying to convince African countries that AFRICOM is a bad idea (who knows what US intent is) but what I find most interesting is a comment late in the text, and I quote.....
.... "In fact, what the United States wants in Africa is oil, which will soon account for 25% of American oil imports. It needs to protect and guarantee future deliveries, because competition is growing in Africa at breakneck speed. Apart from traditional rivals - France and Britain - it may have to compete with Russia, which is trying to return to Africa."[emphasis added by Shimron]...........
RIA Novositi, the international propaganda news of Putin-controlled Russia, may have made an announcement here.
Look into
Gazprom - is the world's biggest gas exploration and production company Contact: , Phone: (+709) 57 19 30 01, Fax: (+709) 57 19 83 33Moscow, RUSSIA, Europe(North)www.gazprom.ru
Gazflot - russian exploration and ship owning company
Gazprombank - services to enterprises and employees of other sectors (chemical, engineering, defence, nuclear etc.)
Geobyte ltd - geological exploring of resources of potential regions of oil and gas resources and condensate
Lukoil - is Russia's leading oil company
MNP Group incorporates - engaged in shipbuilding, offshore units design and construction.
Morneftegazproekt - provide integrated development of project documentation for offshore field development
Murmansk Shipping Company - crude oil transshipment and icebreaking services in Russian frozen ports and along the Northern Sea Route in Arctic waters
Polar Marine Geosurvey Expedition - complex geological and geophysical research in Arctic, the world ocean and Antarctica, in inland reservoirs
Rosneft - russian oil and gas exploration company
Sakhalin Energy - commercially develop, operate and market the hydrocarbon resources
Sea Soft Packages and Tehcnologies Ltd - developing software for realtime video integration with heterogeneous digital data
Sevmorgeo - Marine geological, geophysical and geoecological research of Russian offshore and the world ocean
an
Russian oil expansion activities in Africa have exanded significantly last few years, showing that this announced policy is well under way. But make no mistake, it is Putin himself, not private companies that are directing the activites of these companies. The state has taken over enormous private companies, like Gazprom (oil) and Alrosa (diamonds) and wields them as Arms of Russian government policy. Russia is not alone. In fact China has done he same thing with its largest oil companies, like the Chinese National offshore Oil Company
and Chinese National Petroleum Corporation, but that is a story for another day.
Africa, understand this: when you read any propaganda - US, Russian, Chinese, or Arab states, understand it for what it is, and make the best decisions for all your people.....and make it together, or we will be divided...as we have in the past, by our own choices.
-Shimron Issachar
.... "In fact, what the United States wants in Africa is oil, which will soon account for 25% of American oil imports. It needs to protect and guarantee future deliveries, because competition is growing in Africa at breakneck speed. Apart from traditional rivals - France and Britain - it may have to compete with Russia, which is trying to return to Africa."[emphasis added by Shimron]...........
RIA Novositi, the international propaganda news of Putin-controlled Russia, may have made an announcement here.
Look into
Gazprom - is the world's biggest gas exploration and production company Contact: , Phone: (+709) 57 19 30 01, Fax: (+709) 57 19 83 33Moscow, RUSSIA, Europe(North)www.gazprom.ru
Gazflot - russian exploration and ship owning company
Gazprombank - services to enterprises and employees of other sectors (chemical, engineering, defence, nuclear etc.)
Geobyte ltd - geological exploring of resources of potential regions of oil and gas resources and condensate
Lukoil - is Russia's leading oil company
MNP Group incorporates - engaged in shipbuilding, offshore units design and construction.
Morneftegazproekt - provide integrated development of project documentation for offshore field development
Murmansk Shipping Company - crude oil transshipment and icebreaking services in Russian frozen ports and along the Northern Sea Route in Arctic waters
Polar Marine Geosurvey Expedition - complex geological and geophysical research in Arctic, the world ocean and Antarctica, in inland reservoirs
Rosneft - russian oil and gas exploration company
Sakhalin Energy - commercially develop, operate and market the hydrocarbon resources
Sea Soft Packages and Tehcnologies Ltd - developing software for realtime video integration with heterogeneous digital data
Sevmorgeo - Marine geological, geophysical and geoecological research of Russian offshore and the world ocean
an
Russian oil expansion activities in Africa have exanded significantly last few years, showing that this announced policy is well under way. But make no mistake, it is Putin himself, not private companies that are directing the activites of these companies. The state has taken over enormous private companies, like Gazprom (oil) and Alrosa (diamonds) and wields them as Arms of Russian government policy. Russia is not alone. In fact China has done he same thing with its largest oil companies, like the Chinese National offshore Oil Company
and Chinese National Petroleum Corporation, but that is a story for another day.
Africa, understand this: when you read any propaganda - US, Russian, Chinese, or Arab states, understand it for what it is, and make the best decisions for all your people.....and make it together, or we will be divided...as we have in the past, by our own choices.
-Shimron Issachar
More news on Steve Godbold in Chad
I found this little post dated 18 October By Bonny Apunyu on Somalinet
The reason it has not surfaced before is because the Paper quoted his name as Steve Goldbold, and then later Goldberg....It appears that the Somali newspaper is quoting from the AFP directly for his article, suggesting a first or second level contact with the Tubu at the AFP.
A Somalinet is an online newspaper focused on mostly local Somali news. My experience with the newspaper is that it provides mostly reliable local news. I am somewhat surprise to find interest two thousand kilometers to the West in Chad.
...I wonder if there is a Somali - Northern Chad Rebel connection....
In either case here is a summary article as written on 18 October 2007 on Somalinet
-Shimron Issachar
Thu. October 18, 2007 11:48 am.- By Bonny Apunyu. -
(SomaliNet) Northern Chadian Tubu rebels in Tibesti have captured a United States humanitarian worker participating in an aid project, rebels said on Thursday.
"The Movement for Democracy and Justice in Chad (MDJT) has detained an American aid worker... in the the area controlled by the MDJT," according to a statement obtained by AFP from a branch of the armed rebel group.
Cash Steve Goldbold was abducted on October 10 by Tubu rebels, MDJT leader Aboubakar Choua Dazi told AFP in a telephone interview. Goldbold, 48, is an evangelical Christian aid worker on mission for the Development Association of Tibesti, according to documents obtained by AFP.
The MDJT "suspects this person is in the service of the regime in N'Djamena to create division in the centre of the movement", said Dazi, saying that their hostage was "in good health and well-treated".
Goldbold was captured in the Tibesti area, some 1 000 kilometres north of the capital N'Djamena, he added.
"The local population tried to negotiate to free him," a member of his group told AFP on the condition of anonymity, confirming the abduction. The source said Goldberg, from Miami, Florida, had been in Chad since 1992. Goldbold has lived in the area "for the past five years, and he is not a foreigner" there, the source said, adding that he "has a Tubu name, Wordougou Mollia". The MDJT said in the statement it was "inclined to liberate this person" to send him back to "his own country," but warned the authorities "of all attempts to take him by force".
It "called on all foreign aid workers to not venture into the areas controlled by the MDJT". Created in 1988, MDJT once constituted a major threat to the Deby government, but was weakened and has split into several factions since the death of its founder Youssouf Togoimi in 2002.-AFP
The Rest @ Somalinet
The reason it has not surfaced before is because the Paper quoted his name as Steve Goldbold, and then later Goldberg....It appears that the Somali newspaper is quoting from the AFP directly for his article, suggesting a first or second level contact with the Tubu at the AFP.
A Somalinet is an online newspaper focused on mostly local Somali news. My experience with the newspaper is that it provides mostly reliable local news. I am somewhat surprise to find interest two thousand kilometers to the West in Chad.
...I wonder if there is a Somali - Northern Chad Rebel connection....
In either case here is a summary article as written on 18 October 2007 on Somalinet
-Shimron Issachar
Thu. October 18, 2007 11:48 am.- By Bonny Apunyu. -
(SomaliNet) Northern Chadian Tubu rebels in Tibesti have captured a United States humanitarian worker participating in an aid project, rebels said on Thursday.
"The Movement for Democracy and Justice in Chad (MDJT) has detained an American aid worker... in the the area controlled by the MDJT," according to a statement obtained by AFP from a branch of the armed rebel group.
Cash Steve Goldbold was abducted on October 10 by Tubu rebels, MDJT leader Aboubakar Choua Dazi told AFP in a telephone interview. Goldbold, 48, is an evangelical Christian aid worker on mission for the Development Association of Tibesti, according to documents obtained by AFP.
The MDJT "suspects this person is in the service of the regime in N'Djamena to create division in the centre of the movement", said Dazi, saying that their hostage was "in good health and well-treated".
Goldbold was captured in the Tibesti area, some 1 000 kilometres north of the capital N'Djamena, he added.
"The local population tried to negotiate to free him," a member of his group told AFP on the condition of anonymity, confirming the abduction. The source said Goldberg, from Miami, Florida, had been in Chad since 1992. Goldbold has lived in the area "for the past five years, and he is not a foreigner" there, the source said, adding that he "has a Tubu name, Wordougou Mollia". The MDJT said in the statement it was "inclined to liberate this person" to send him back to "his own country," but warned the authorities "of all attempts to take him by force".
It "called on all foreign aid workers to not venture into the areas controlled by the MDJT". Created in 1988, MDJT once constituted a major threat to the Deby government, but was weakened and has split into several factions since the death of its founder Youssouf Togoimi in 2002.-AFP
The Rest @ Somalinet
Thursday, December 06, 2007
Darul Hijra Foundation
An apparant funding NGO organization operating in SE Asia, closley assoiated with signficant a terrorist groups like the MILF. A Likely conduit of funds
- According to this source, The organization was founded by Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) members. These include Abbas Kansi, Abdul Nasser Nooh (MILF Liason in Manila) Khairoden Macarya, Abdulla Akmad, Bashir Hasan.
- Islamic Center Call and Guidance (ISCAG) is led by (Al-Lahim), a 67-year-old Saudi National, who is thought to be a key conduit of money to terrorist and separatist groups in the Philippines.”
- “Beneath the ISCAG are three smaller NGOs, the Darul Hijrah Foundation (DHF), (ICC) and the (IWW) Mission.”
- Also, Check this out
***all This information may be as 5 years old...
Current status is unknown
Tuesday, December 04, 2007
The Toubou from the Tibesti Mountains
The Toubou (also called Tebu or Tubu or Tebou) are an ethnic group that live mainly in northern Chad, but also in Libya, Niger and Sudan.
The majority of Toubou live in the north of Chad around the Tibesti mountains ('Toubou' means 'man from Tibesti'). Numbering roughly 350,000, they are Muslim.
Most Toubou are herders and nomads, though many are now semi-nomadic. Their society is clan-based, with each clan having certain oases, pastures and wells. They are divided in two closely-associated people, the Teda and the Daza.
The majority of Toubou live in the north of Chad around the Tibesti mountains ('Toubou' means 'man from Tibesti'). Numbering roughly 350,000, they are Muslim.
Most Toubou are herders and nomads, though many are now semi-nomadic. Their society is clan-based, with each clan having certain oases, pastures and wells. They are divided in two closely-associated people, the Teda and the Daza.
Many of Chad's leaders have been Toubou, including Presidents Goukouni Oueddei and Hissène
- Toubou life centers on their livestock (their major source of wealth and sustenance) and on the scattered oases where they or their herders cultivate dates and grain. I
- n a few places, the Toubou (or more often members of the Haddad group who work for them) also mine salt and natron, a salt like substance used for medicinal purposes and for livestock.
- The Toubou family is made up of parents, children, and another relative or two. Although the husband or father is the head of the household, he rarely makes decisions without consulting his wife.
- When he is absent, his wife often takes complete charge, moving family tents, changing pastures, and buying and selling cattle. Although Toubou men may have several wives, few do.
- Families gather in larger camps during the months of transhumance. Camp membership is fluid, sometimes changing during the season and almost never remaining the same from one season to the next.
- After the family, the clan is the most stable Toubou institution. Individuals identify with their clan, which has a reputed founder, a name, a symbol, and associated taboos.
- Clans enjoy collective priority use of certain palm groves, cultivable land, springs, and pastures; outsiders may not use these resources without clan permission.
- Social relations are based on reciprocity, hospitality, and assistance. Theft and murder within the clan are forbidden, and stolen animals must be returned.
- Within the overall context of clan identity, however, Toubou society is shaped by the individual. Jean Chapelle, a well-known observer of Chadian societies, notes that "it is not society that forms the individual, but the individual who constructs the society most useful" for him or her.
Three features of Toubou social structure make this process possible.
- The first is residence. In general, clan members are scattered throughout a region; therefore, an individual is likely to find hospitable clans people in most settlements or camps of any size.
- A second factor is the maintenance of ties with the maternal clan. Although the maternal clan does not occupy the central place of the potential clan, it provides another universe of potential ties.
- Marriage creates a third set of individual options. Although relatives and the immediate family influence decisions about a marriage partner, individual preference is recognized as important. In addition, once a marriage is contracted between individuals of two clans, other clan members are forbidden to change it. The Toubou proscribe marriage with any blood relative less than four generations removed - in the words of the Toubou recorded by Chapelle, "when there are only three grandfathers."
- The ownership of land, animals, and resources takes several forms. Within an oasis or settled zone belonging to a particular clan, land, trees (usually date palms), and nearby wells may have different owners. Each family's rights to the use of particular plots of land are recognized by other clan members. Families also may have privileged access to certain wells and the right to a part of the harvest from the fields irrigated by their water. Within the clan and family contexts, individuals also may have personal claims to palm trees and animals.
- Toubou legal customs are based on restitution, indemnification, and revenge. Conflicts are resolved in several settings. Murder, for example, is settled directly between the families of the victim and the murderer.
- Toubou honor requires that someone from the victim's family try to kill the murderer or a relative; such efforts eventually end with negotiations to settle the matter. Reconciliation follows the payment of the goroga, or blood price, usually in the form of camels.
- Despite shared linguistic heritage, few institutions among the Toubou generate a broader sense of identity than the clan. Regional divisions do exist, however. During the colonial period (and since independence in 1960), Chadian administrations have conferred legality and legitimacy on these regional groupings by dividing the Toubou and Daza regions into corresponding territorial units called cantons and appointing chiefs to administer them.
- Only among the Teda of the Tibesti region have institutions evolved somewhat differently. Since the end of the 16th century, the derde (spiritual head) of the Tomagra clan has exercised authority over part of the massif and the other clans who live there. He is selected by a group of electors according to strict rules. The derde exercises judicial rather than executive power, arbitrating conflict and levying sanctions based on a code of compensations.
During the civil conflict in Chad (1966–1993), the derde came to occupy a more important position. In 1965 the Chadian government assumed direct authority over the Tibesti Mountains, sending a military garrison and administrators to Bardaï, the capital of Tibesti Subprefecture.
Within a year, abuses of authority had roused considerable opposition among the Toubou. The derde, Oueddei Kichidemi, recognized but little respected up to that time, protested the excesses, went into exile in Libya, and, with the support of Toubou students at the Islamic University of Al Bayda, became a symbol of opposition to the Chadian government.
This role enhanced the position of the derde among the Toubou. After 1967 the derde hoped to rally the Toubou to the National Liberation Front of Chad (FROLINAT). Moral authority became military authority shortly thereafter when his son, Goukouni Oueddei, became one of the leaders of the Second Liberation Army of FROLINAT.
Goukouni was to become a national figure; he played an important role in the battles of N'Djamena in 1979 and 1980 and served as head of state for a time. Another northerner, Hissène Habré of the Daza Annakaza, replaced Goukouni in 1982, and lost eventually power to Idriss Dédy, a Zaghawa.
US and German Ships Chase Pirates wilth Stoeln Tanker Back to Bosasso, Somalia
BOSASSO, Somalia, Dec 4 (Reuters) - U.S. and German navy ships have cornered Somali pirates who seized a Japanese-owned chemical tanker more than a month ago and are demanding a ransom, an official said on Tuesday.
The Panama-registered Golden Nori was carrying benzene from Singapore to Israel when it was hijacked on Oct. 28, just off Somalia, one of the world's most dangerous shipping lanes.
At the time, U.S. Navy said coalition naval forces had pursued the pirates, opening fire and destroying speedboats the hijacked vessel had in tow.
"One German and two American warships have been after Golden Nori for 42 days after it was hijacked. The pirates arrived in Bosasso around 10 p.m.," Saeed Mohamed Rage, Puntland region's fishing and marine minister, told a news conference in the northern port town of Bosasso.
In Bahrain, a U.S. Navy spokeswoman said: "We are monitoring the situation after following the Golden Nori since the hijacking."
"We continue to encourage the pirates to free the crew and the vessel," said Commander Lydia Robertson.
The U.S. Navy, which has had a long presence in the region, is concentrating its anti-piracy efforts along the central coast of Somalia after several ships were hijacked there in recent months, she said.
Rage said there were 21 crew members on board.
"We are negotiating with their captors. We told them to surrender to Puntland authority," Rage said, adding that the pirates were demanding an undisclosed ransom.
(Reporting by Abdiqani Hassan, and Firouz Sedarat in Dubai)
The Rest @ Reuters Africa
The Panama-registered Golden Nori was carrying benzene from Singapore to Israel when it was hijacked on Oct. 28, just off Somalia, one of the world's most dangerous shipping lanes.
At the time, U.S. Navy said coalition naval forces had pursued the pirates, opening fire and destroying speedboats the hijacked vessel had in tow.
"One German and two American warships have been after Golden Nori for 42 days after it was hijacked. The pirates arrived in Bosasso around 10 p.m.," Saeed Mohamed Rage, Puntland region's fishing and marine minister, told a news conference in the northern port town of Bosasso.
In Bahrain, a U.S. Navy spokeswoman said: "We are monitoring the situation after following the Golden Nori since the hijacking."
"We continue to encourage the pirates to free the crew and the vessel," said Commander Lydia Robertson.
The U.S. Navy, which has had a long presence in the region, is concentrating its anti-piracy efforts along the central coast of Somalia after several ships were hijacked there in recent months, she said.
Rage said there were 21 crew members on board.
"We are negotiating with their captors. We told them to surrender to Puntland authority," Rage said, adding that the pirates were demanding an undisclosed ransom.
(Reporting by Abdiqani Hassan, and Firouz Sedarat in Dubai)
The Rest @ Reuters Africa
Algerians added to the OFAC Specially Designaged Nationals ( SDN ) List
The following individuals have been added to OFAC's SDN list:
DROUKDEL, Abdelmalek (a.k.a. ABD AL-WADOUB, Abdou Moussa; a.k.a. ABD EL OUADOUD, Abou Mossab; a.k.a. ABD EL OUADOUD, Abou Mousab; a.k.a. ABD EL-OUADOUD, Abi Mossaab; a.k.a. ABD-AL-WADUD, Abu-Mus'ab; a.k.a. ABDEL EL-WADOUD, Abu Mossaab; a.k.a. ABDEL WADOUD, Abou Mossab; a.k.a. ABDEL WADOUD, Abou Moussaab; a.k.a. ABDELMALEK, Drokdal; a.k.a. ABDELMALEK, Droukdal; a.k.a. ABDELMALEK, Droukdel; a.k.a. ABDELOUADODUD, Abu Mussaab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUD, Abi Mousaab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUD, Abou Mossaab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUD, Abou Mossab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUD, Abou Mousaab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUD, Abou Moussab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUD, Abou Musab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUD, Abu Mossab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUD, Abu Mus'ab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUDE, Abou Moussaab; a.k.a. ABDELOUDOUD, Abu Musab; a.k.a. ABDELWADOUD, Abou Mossab; a.k.a. ABKELWADOUD, Abou Mosaab; a.k.a. ABOU MOSSAAB, Abdelwadoud; a.k.a. ABOU MOSSAAH, Abdelouadoud; a.k.a. ABOU MOSSAB, Abdelouadoud; a.k.a. ABU MUSAB, Abdelwadoud; a.k.a. DARDAKIL, Abdelmalek; a.k.a. DERDOUKAL, Abdelmalek; a.k.a. DEROUDEL, Abdel Malek; a.k.a. DOURKDAL, Abdelmalek; a.k.a. DRIDQAL, Abd-al-Malik; a.k.a. DROKDAL, 'Abd-al-Malik; a.k.a. DROKDAL, Abdelmalek; a.k.a. DROUGDEL, Abdelmalek; a.k.a. DROUKADAL, Abdelmalek; a.k.a. DROUKBEL, Abdelmalek; a.k.a. DROUKDAL, Abdelmalek; a.k.a. DROUKDAL, Abdelmalik; a.k.a. DROUKDEL, Abdel Malek; a.k.a. DROUKDEL, Abdelouadour; a.k.a. DRUKDAL, 'Abd al-Malik; a.k.a. DURIKDAL, 'Abd al-Malik; a.k.a. OUDOUD, Abu Musab; a.k.a. "ABDELWADOUD, Abou"), Meftah, Algeria; DOB 20 Apr 1970; POB Meftah, Algeria; alt. POB Khemis El Khechna, Algeria; nationality Algeria (individual) [SDGT]
From the Office of Foregin Asst Control (OFAC)
DROUKDEL, Abdelmalek (a.k.a. ABD AL-WADOUB, Abdou Moussa; a.k.a. ABD EL OUADOUD, Abou Mossab; a.k.a. ABD EL OUADOUD, Abou Mousab; a.k.a. ABD EL-OUADOUD, Abi Mossaab; a.k.a. ABD-AL-WADUD, Abu-Mus'ab; a.k.a. ABDEL EL-WADOUD, Abu Mossaab; a.k.a. ABDEL WADOUD, Abou Mossab; a.k.a. ABDEL WADOUD, Abou Moussaab; a.k.a. ABDELMALEK, Drokdal; a.k.a. ABDELMALEK, Droukdal; a.k.a. ABDELMALEK, Droukdel; a.k.a. ABDELOUADODUD, Abu Mussaab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUD, Abi Mousaab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUD, Abou Mossaab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUD, Abou Mossab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUD, Abou Mousaab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUD, Abou Moussab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUD, Abou Musab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUD, Abu Mossab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUD, Abu Mus'ab; a.k.a. ABDELOUADOUDE, Abou Moussaab; a.k.a. ABDELOUDOUD, Abu Musab; a.k.a. ABDELWADOUD, Abou Mossab; a.k.a. ABKELWADOUD, Abou Mosaab; a.k.a. ABOU MOSSAAB, Abdelwadoud; a.k.a. ABOU MOSSAAH, Abdelouadoud; a.k.a. ABOU MOSSAB, Abdelouadoud; a.k.a. ABU MUSAB, Abdelwadoud; a.k.a. DARDAKIL, Abdelmalek; a.k.a. DERDOUKAL, Abdelmalek; a.k.a. DEROUDEL, Abdel Malek; a.k.a. DOURKDAL, Abdelmalek; a.k.a. DRIDQAL, Abd-al-Malik; a.k.a. DROKDAL, 'Abd-al-Malik; a.k.a. DROKDAL, Abdelmalek; a.k.a. DROUGDEL, Abdelmalek; a.k.a. DROUKADAL, Abdelmalek; a.k.a. DROUKBEL, Abdelmalek; a.k.a. DROUKDAL, Abdelmalek; a.k.a. DROUKDAL, Abdelmalik; a.k.a. DROUKDEL, Abdel Malek; a.k.a. DROUKDEL, Abdelouadour; a.k.a. DRUKDAL, 'Abd al-Malik; a.k.a. DURIKDAL, 'Abd al-Malik; a.k.a. OUDOUD, Abu Musab; a.k.a. "ABDELWADOUD, Abou"), Meftah, Algeria; DOB 20 Apr 1970; POB Meftah, Algeria; alt. POB Khemis El Khechna, Algeria; nationality Algeria (individual) [SDGT]
From the Office of Foregin Asst Control (OFAC)
Abu Dhabi Investment Authority and The Sultan bin Abdul Aziz Foundation
I have recently become interested in the realtionship between one of the largest investment groups in the world, the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority which is accountabale to no one and gives no reports, and the
Sultan bin Abdul Aziz Foundation, the largest and least accountable Charity Foundation. OIT has been suggested that this group has funded terrorist groups, or at least revered laundered money going to terrorist groups.
The Aziz Foundations Special Commitee for Zakat is of special interst, and its activites in Africa...
Please send me sources
-Shimron Issachar
Sultan bin Abdul Aziz Foundation, the largest and least accountable Charity Foundation. OIT has been suggested that this group has funded terrorist groups, or at least revered laundered money going to terrorist groups.
The Aziz Foundations Special Commitee for Zakat is of special interst, and its activites in Africa...
Please send me sources
-Shimron Issachar
Sultan bin Abdul Aziz Foundation
Sultan Bin AbdulAziz Foundation is one of the most powerful Islamic NGOs in the world, and operates at the direction of a commmitee, but essentially at the sole discreation of Sultan Bin Abdual Aziz, the Saudi Arabian Defense Minister and Crown Prince of the Saudi Throne. He is past 80 years of age.
Incidentally, Abdul Aziz is also the Inspector General of Saudi Arabia.
Incidentally, Abdul Aziz is also the Inspector General of Saudi Arabia.
Abu Dhabi Investment Authority
Abu Dhabi Investment Authority ( ADIC ) was established on 24th Feb 1977 by Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahayan, the founder of the United Arab Emirates.
The goal was to form a Government backed investment company, which would have public ownership restricted to local citizens, sharing the wealth from the company's investments while reducing risk to the citizens. As a subsidiary of the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, (ADIA - www.adia.ae) ADIC had a significant advantage in accessing investment opportunities world wide. Back in 1977 this was an extremely far - sighted measure by the then Sheikh of Abu Dhabi.
[ADIA is Uniqe in the world in several ways]-Shimron
The goal was to form a Government backed investment company, which would have public ownership restricted to local citizens, sharing the wealth from the company's investments while reducing risk to the citizens. As a subsidiary of the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, (ADIA - www.adia.ae) ADIC had a significant advantage in accessing investment opportunities world wide. Back in 1977 this was an extremely far - sighted measure by the then Sheikh of Abu Dhabi.
[ADIA is Uniqe in the world in several ways]-Shimron
- One, it manages the emirate’s excess oil reserves, estimated to be as much as $875 billion. Its portfolio grows at an annual rate of about 10% compounded.
As such ADIA is the world’s second biggest institutional investor, behind only the Bank of Japan, according to the Oxford Business Group. - Its pulling power is immense. According to a former HSBC banker, it is one of the few organizations Stephen Green, or his predecessor as chairman of HSBC, John Bond, will drop everything to go and see. They will not be the only senior bankers and corporate executives prepared to do this. [Euromoney 2006: cited below]
- But what makes ADIA so interesting is the veil of secrecy that shrouds its activities. Abu Dhabi Investment Authority is one of the world’s biggest institutional investors. It is also one of the most guarded.
- It publishes no numbers. In the 30 years since it was established, it has never publicly declared the amount of assets it has under management. Its website lists just its contact details; nothing more. It seldom makes any public statements. However, the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority has an influence in the markets that few investors can match. It has unrivalled access to the best strategists and advisers
Alms for Jihad
Alms for Jihad
by
Charity and Terrorism in the Islamic World
J. Millard Burr
Robert O. Collins
Provide a list of people and NGOs
Abbadi, Shafiq Abbas, Prime Minister Mahmoud 232
Abd al-Aziz bin Abd al-Rahman al-Saud, King (Ibn Saud) 58, 60, 65
Abd Allahi, Khalifa 17
Abdalla, Dr. Hassan Osman 107
Abdallah, Dr. Said 114
Abd al-Dahab, Khaled 270
Abd al-Quddus 119
Abd al-Rahman, Shaykh Omar Ahmad Ali 89, 91–92, 117, 119, 141, 190, 267, 270, 279
al-Abdin, Al Tayib Zein 139
Abduh, Muhammad 4, 78
Abdullah, Abdailah Kamil 191
Abdullah bin Abd al-Aziz, Prince (now King) 29, 36, 41, 216, 231, 232
Abdullah bin Abd al-Muhsin al-Turki, Prince 34
Abdulrahim, Abudhamid 276
Abdul Basit Karim: see Yousef, Ramzi
Abedia, Agha Hasan 66
Abouhalima, Mahmoud 99–100
Abu Ali Group 110
Abu Bakar, Shukri 219, 272, 273, 276
Abu Bakr 203
Abu Barra: see Khalifa, Muhammad Jamal
Abu Dahdeh 259
Abu Hasan al-Madani: see Julaidan, Wael Hamza
Abu al-Kanadi: see Khadr, Ahmed Said
Abu Khattab 33
Abu Lubaba 102
Abu Mahmoud al-Suri: see Arnaout, Enaam M.
Abu Nasir, Sayed 36
Abu Omar (Ahmad al-Hamwi) 189
Abu Qutada (Omar Mahmud Othman) 259
Abu Salih, Colonel Faisal Ali 113
Abu Samad: see Bashir, Abu Bakar
Abu Sayyaf (Abdul Rab Rasul Sayyaf) 79, 81, 82, 83, 192
Abu Sayyaf (Shaykh Fathi) 176
Abu Sayyaf Group 184–185, 188, 190, 191–197
Abu Seif (Abu Omar Mohammed al-Seif) 39
Abu Walid 178
Abu Zubayda 99
Active Islamic Youth 149
Adam, Ahmad Sheik 128
Adhijo, Ahmadou 107
al-Adnani, Shaykh Tamim 89
Adolat (Equity) Movement (Uzbekistan) 166
Afghan Support Committee 147
al-Afghani, Jamal al-Din 4, 78
Afghanistan beginnings 77–104, 300
Afghan charities 103
Al Kifah 89
Al Qaeda 77–81
Ayman al-Zawahiri 89–91
Balkans and 133–137
Emir of Jihad 83–86
foot-soldiers 96–100
Osama bin Laden and MAK 87–88
Pakistan and Al Rashid Trust 101–104
peripatetic mujahideen 92–96
Qutb 81–83
Shaykh Omar Abd al-Rahman 91–92
Wael Hamza Julaidan and Rabita Trust 100–101
Afghanistan Rescue Effort 271
Africa Confidential 123
Africa Help 98
African Muslim Agency 281, 282
Agency for Information and Documentation (Bosnia) 141
Agency for International Development (AID) (US) 196, 275
Ahmad, Babar 258
Ahmad, Dr. Israr 249
Ahmad, Maulana Mufti Rasheed 102
Ahmadiyya Muslim Association 261
Ahmed, Senator Qazi Hussain 249
Ahmer, Suleman 46
AIAI (Al Itihad al-Islamiyya) 40
Aid Organization of the Ulama 101, 103
see also Al Rashid Trust
Aideed, General Muhammad Farah 124, 125, 126
Ajaj, Ahmad 99–100, 190
al-Ajuz, Shaykh Ahmad 233
Akhtar, Qari Saifullah 102, 301
Akhwan-ul-Muslimen (Afghanistan) 82
Akida Bank Private Ltd. 70, 71, 283
Akromaya 167
Al Akhtar Trust 101, 103, 249
Al Ansar (journal) 259
Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigade 226
Al Aqsa Foundation 221, 222, 224, 226, 229, 230, 231, 232, 241, 253, 256, 275, 281
Al Aqsa Foundation (South Africa) 44
Al Aqsa Fund 216
Al Aqsa International Foundation (AAIF) 242
Al Aqsa Intifada 225, 226, 236
Al Aqsa Islamic Bank 68, 221
Al Awda (Palestine Right to Return Coalition) 244
Al Baraka Bank 109, 179
Al Baraka Exchange 68
Al Baraka Group 62, 63, 107
Al Baraka Investment and Development Company (BIDC) 68, 179
Al Barakaat Bank 40, 74
Al-Da‘wa 17
Al Ehsan charity 271
Al Farouq Mosque (Brooklyn) 89, 98, 100, 242, 270
Al Fatah (Palestinian National Liberation Movement) 212, 226, 227
Al Fatiha Foundation 188
Al Furkan Islamic Heritage Foundation 257
Al Furqan Mosque (Eindhoven) 252
Al Haramain Islamic Foundation (AHIF, Al Haramain Foundation) 38–41, 146, 148, 154–155, 174, 177, 179, 202, 210, 222, 228, 237, 248, 253, 258, 265, 270, 284
Al Haramain wa al-Masjed al-Aqsa 123, 154–155
Al Imam al-Shafi‘i Center 191
Al Islamiyya Revolutionary Tabiligh 189
Al Jamiya al-Islamiyya 232
Al Jihad (magazine) 32, 89
Al Khilafah Publications 260
Al Kifah 89, 238, 249, 268, 269–271
Al Muhajiroun (AM) 260, 262
Al Mustazafin Fund 234
Al Muwafaq Brigade 137, 145
Al Nahda (Tunisia) 70, 245
Al Nour Charity Association 232
Al Nur Islamic Information office 256
Al Nur Mosque (Berlin) 237, 240
Al Qaeda 3, 25, 26, 32, 37, 39, 44, 47, 50, 55, 56, 57, 74–75, 78, 77–81, 94, 97, 99, 106, 125–126, 127–128, 149, 151, 154, 163, 167, 175, 177, 179, 180, 183–184, 187, 189, 190, 192, 193, 195, 198, 199, 200, 202, 209–210, 229, 238, 240, 241, 242, 244, 245, 247, 249, 251, 253, 254, 255, 256, 259, 262, 268, 269, 276–277, 278, 280
see also Golden Chain
Al Qaeda al-Askariya 87
Al Quds Brigades 215, 217, 227
Al Quds Fund 215, 216, 229
Intifada and 226, 227, 230
Al Quds Press 220
Al Quds al-Sharif 215
Al Rajhi Bank 65, 67, 121
Al Rajhi Banking and Investment Corporation 35, 45, 52, 56, 65–66, 227, 280
Al Rajhi Company for Industry and Trade 66
Al Rashid Trust 101–104, 249, 301
see also Aid Organization of the Ulama
Al Riad Foundation 174
Al Risala (HAMAS weekly) 223
Al Riyadh Bank 45, 51, 228
Al Sabah, Shaykh Jaber al-Ahmed 179
Al Salah Association 231, 232
Al Shahid Fund 234
Al Shamal Islamic Bank 52, 94, 107, 109, 121
Osama bin Laden and 109, 110
Al Taqwa Management Organization 69
Al Tawhid Mosque and Foundation 253
Al Wafa Humanitarian Foundation 26, 43–45, 229, 230
Al Wafa Rehabilitation and Health Center 44, 229
Al Wafa Scrap Copper Recycling Company 44
Al Wafa Women’s Charity Association 44, 228
Al Waqf Al Islami Foundation 252, 253
al-Alami, Imad 222
Alamoudi, Abd al-Rahman 274
Albania 146–149
Albright, Madeleine 150
Albuthi, Suliman: see al-Buthe, Soliman
Alehssan Society 236
al-Alfy, Hassan 103
Algeria 248–251
Algerian Relief Foundation 271
Algerian Relief Fund 271
Al-Hijra Construction Company 94
Ali ibn Abi Talib 13, 14
Ali, Sharif Husayn bin 58
al-Ali, Suliman 153, 282–283
Ali, Siddiq Ibrahim Siddiq 99
Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) 128
‘al-Masada’ mujahideen camp 46
Al-Nasr International (charity) 142, 265
Al-Watan (The Nation) 50
Amana Mutual Funds Trust 281
Amanah Bank 193
American Muslim Coalition 267
American Muslim Council 274
“Amin” (Yemeni businessman) 184
Anati, Rahman 219, 274
Andang, Ghalib: see Commander Robot
ANZ International 62
Aodouni, Mehrez 305
al-Aqeel, Aqeel: see al-Uqayl, Shaykh Uqayl bin Abdul Aziz
Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (BADEA) 106, 107
Arab Bank Ltd. 214, 228
Arab Commercial Bank 62
Arab Human Rights Committee 49
Arab Islamic Bank 63
Arab League 90, 107, 223
Arab News 46
Arab People’s Bank 62
Arab Socialism 212
Arab-Albanian Bank 148
Arab–European League (AEL) 253, 255
Arab–Israeli wars 34, 60, 215, 233
Arafat, Dr. Fathi 233
Arafat, Suha 223
Arafat 4, 118, 212–213, 215, 218, 223–224, 225, 226, 233, 250, 251
Arakan Liberation Front 119
Aramco 66
al-Arian, Sami 278, 279, 281
Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) 194, 196
Armed Islamic Group (GIA) 79, 120
Algeria 70, 187, 244, 245, 251
Europe and 238, 258, 259
Armed Islamist International 118
Armitage, Deputy Secretary of State Richard 50
Arnaout, Enaam M. (Abu Mahmoud al-Suri)
North America and 267, 268, 276, 277
Saudi Arabia and 46, 47
Arroyo, President Gloria 195
Asat Trust 245
Asia: see Russia and Central Asia; Southeast Asia
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) 55, 199, 210
Association de Secours Palestinien (ASP) 221
Association des Alpes Mari 247
Association des Musulmans de la Gironde 247
Association of Islamic Banks 62
Association of Islamic Charitable Projects 233
Association of Preaching Islam 208
ATF (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms) 9
Atta, Mohamed 53, 202, 241
Attiya, Shawki Salama 147
Australia 29, 198, 203, 222, 240
Austria 31, 62, 69, 136, 137, 141
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) 187, 194
Awami League 206, 208
al-Awda, Shaykh Abd al-Aziz 216
awqaf: see waqf
Ayadi, Chafiq 122, 252
Ayatollah Khomeini Society 146
Azam, Professor Golam 207, 208
Azerbaijan 39, 156, 159, 179, 180
Transcaucasia and 173, 174
Azerbaijan Islam Party (AIP) 173
Azhar, Maulana Masood 102
Aziz, Abdul 44, 45, 229
Aziz, Abu Abdul 134
Azzam, Dr. Abdullah Yusuf 32, 34, 35, 59, 83–86, 87–88, 89, 90, 92, 93, 100, 112
foot-soldiers and 96, 97, 98
Journey of Maktab Khadamat al-Mujahidin 32
North America and 267, 268, 270, 276
SARKS and 32
Azzam, Mahfouz 90
Badakhshan Province (Afghanistan) 81, 163
Badri, Dr. Gasim 18
Bahamas 25, 245
banks and 55, 62, 65, 71
Dallah Al Baraka 68, 69, 70, 71
Bahjat, Saad Khalil Al 110
Bahrain 16, 44, 196, 224, 231, 271
banks and 59, 62, 63, 64, 65
Bahzfulla, Hassan 283
Bakre, Hassan Mustafa 196
Bakri, Abdel Qader 100
Baksh, Taha 110
Baku 39, 120, 158, 173, 174
Bali 203, 205, 206
Balkans 131–155
Afghanistan in Bosnia 133–137
after 9/11 153–155
Muwafaq Brigade 137
Albanian imbroglio 146–149
Bosnian aftermath 143–146
Kosovo war 149–153
Third World Relief Agency 140–143
Bangkok 199, 205
Bangladesh 16, 36, 39, 101, 205, 206–210
banks and 62, 64, 66
Bangladesh National Party (BNP) 209
“Bangladesh Taliban” 209
Bangsamoro Youth League (BYL) 190
Bank Al Taqwa 25, 65, 68–71, 244, 283
Holy Land and 219, 220
Bank of Almusia 110
Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI) 66, 67, 85
Bank of England 63
Bank of Hindustan 71
Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad 64
Bank Leumi 223
banks 51–76
American banking 67
investigating 53–57
Islamic banking 61–65
Saudi banking 57–61
Sudan banking 106–109
al-Banna, Shaykh Hasan 6, 33, 80, 81, 159, 246
banks and 59, 61
Banque Al Saoudi 110
Banque de France 110
Banque Française pour l’Orient 110
Banque Indosuez 110
Banuri, Maulana Yusuf 101, 102
Barclays Bank PLC 52, 55, 261
Bari, Siraj al-Din Abdel 122, 123
Baring Brothers 59
Barre, President Mohamed Siad 124
Barzinji, Jamal 280, 281, 283
Basayev, Shamil 177, 178, 179, 181
Bashir, Abu Bakar (Abu Samad) 198, 200, 201, 203
al-Bashir, President Omar Hassan Ahmad 3, 18, 94
Balkans and 139, 140
Sudan and 113, 115, 117
Basilan 184, 185
Abu Sayyaf and 192, 193, 194, 195, 196
Basle Committee on Banking Supervision 55
Batargy (Battargee), Shaykh Adil Galil Abdul 45, 46, 114, 267
bay‘a (oath of loyalty) 79, 98
Bayazid, Mohammed Loay 46, 47, 190, 268
Bayt al-Ashuhada (House of the Martyrs) 84, 97, 99
Baz, Grand Mufti Shaykh Abdul Aziz bin 88
Bearden, Milton 87
Beghal, Jamal 99
Beirut 214, 220, 230, 233, 234, 235
Belgium, Denmark and 251–256
Benouis, Abdelkader 247
Berisha, President Sali 146, 148, 150
Bermuda Trading Company 184
Bhutto, Prime Minister Benazir 96
BIC (Benevolence International Corporation) 45, 46, 188, 189
BIF (Benevolence International Foundation) 45–47
BIF (Bosanska Idealna Futura) 46, 51
9/11 and 154
Bosnia and 144, 145, 146
Biheiri, Soliman 282, 283
Holy Land and 219
Bin Laden, Abdullah 42, 267
Bin Laden, Ghalib Mohammed 70
Bin Laden, Haydar Mohamed 65
Bin Laden, Huta 70
Bin Laden, Iman 70
Bin Laden, Osama 32, 34–35, 47, 51, 55, 56, 57, 59, 87–88, 93–95, 97, 100, 109–110, 127, 128, 148, 154, 167, 177, 180, 183–184, 186, 188, 190, 192, 197, 198, 201, 208, 209, 239, 242, 243, 245, 250, 258–259, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 277, 278, 284
UN and 55
Bin Laden, Salem 110
Bin Laden, Tariq 161
Bin Laden family 65, 66, 67, 69, 244
Bin Laden Group 161, 197
Bin Mahfouz, Abdul Rahman 122
Bin Mahfouz, Khaled 138, 240, 259, 281, 282
banks and 66, 67
Sudan 107, 110, 114, 123
al-Qadi and 121, 122, 123
Bin Mahfouz, Rais 122
Bin Mahfouz, Salim Ahmad 60, 66
Birlik (Uzbek political party) 165
Blackwell Publishers 123
Blessed Relief Foundation 179
BMI bank 219, 282, 283
Bodansky, Yossef 139
Bogshan, Salam Ahmed 110
Bosnia-Herzegovina 131, 132, 133–137, 138, 143–146, 225
American Relief Fund 142
UN Mission 142
Boubakeur, Dalil 246
Bouyeri, Muhammad 254
Bouziane, Abdelkader 248
Brisard, Jean-Charles 57
Brooklyn 117, 270, 279
Afghanistan and 89, 92, 98, 99
Europe and 242, 243
Brown, Gordon 259
Bulgaria 137, 252
Bush, President George W. 8, 10, 44, 199, 264, 267
Holy Land and 230, 231
Bushra, Issa 116
al-Buthe, Soliman 41, 270
CA Bankverein 69
CAIR (Council of American–Islamic Relations) 34, 264, 272, 274
Callen, Michael 67
Camp David Israeli–Palestinian negotiations 226
Campione d’Italia 69, 71, 244
Canada 276–278
Canada Customs and Revenue Agency 278
Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) 97, 276, 277
Canadian War Crimes Unit 277
Capital Investment Management Corporation 223
Capital Trust Bank 67
CARE (Cooperative for American Relief Everywhere) 126, 212, 265
Care International, Inc. 265
Cengic, Mufti Hassan 140, 141
Center for International Policy Studies 42
Center for Muslim Studies 277
Center for Research and Revival of Islamic Heritage (Saudi Arabia) 147
Central Bank of Khartoum 109
Central Mosque (London) 237
Central Spiritual Management of the Muslims of Russia 181
Chagyrush Society 174
Chamber of Zakat and Taxes (Sudan) 18
Charitable Society for Social Welfare (CSSW) 243
Charity Coalition 224, 225, 231
Charity Commission for England and Wales 221, 256, 258, 259
Chechen–Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic 156, 175
Chechen–Ingush Society of the USA 271
Chechnya 175–180
Chehade, Muhammad 268–269
Cheppih, Ahmed 252
Cheppih, Muhammad 252, 253
Child Development Foundation 283
China 47, 156, 158, 172
Chirac, President Jaques 250, 251
Chirkeisk, Said 178
Chrétien, Prime Minister Jean 277
Christian Democrats (Netherlands) 254
Citibank 62, 67
Clark, Janine A. 13
Clinton, President Bill 22, 47, 183, 265, 266, 284
Balkans and 142
Holy Land Fund for Relief and Development (HLF) 273, 274, 275
Comité de Bienfaisance et de Secours aux Palestiniens (CBSP) 221, 248, 250
Commander Robot (Ghalib Andang) 195, 196
Commission on National Security/21st Century (USA) 274
Commission on Scientific Signs in the Quran 97
Committee for Aid to Orphans and Prisoners 224
Committee for Assistance and Solidarity with Palestine 224
Committee for Charity (Qatar) 179
Committee for the Defense of Legitimate Rights 258
Committee on Religious Affairs (Kyrgyzstan) 171
Committee for Support of the Al Quds Intifada 227, 230
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 161, 162, 180
Communist Party (Afghanistan) 82
Communist Party (Uzbekistan) 165
Congressional Task Force on Terrorism and Unconventional Warfare (USA) 232
Conseil de Reflexion sur l’Islam de France (CORIF) 246
Conseil Française du Culte Musulman (CFCM) 246, 248
Cordesman, Dr. Anthony 29
Corriere della Serra 219, 243
Council of Foreign Relations 44, 230
Council of Guardians (Iran) 136
Council for International People’s Friendship (CIPF) 126, 139
counterterrorism 55, 210, 262, 275
Croatia 122, 132, 141, 150, 238
Bosnia and 134, 135, 144
Saudi Arabia and 36, 39, 40
Cromer, Lord Evelyn Baring 59
al-Dabbas, Dabbas 41
Dafalla, Dr. al-Juzuli 114
Dagestan 39, 120, 158, 161
Chechnya and 178, 179
lost opportunities and 180
Dagestan–Georgia–Chechnya tri-point 175
al-Dahab,General Siwar Abd al-Rahman Muhammad 113, 115
Dallah Al Baraka Bank 64, 85
Dallah Al Baraka Exchange LLC 74
Dallah Al Baraka Group 56, 68–71, 109, 174, 221
Dallah Works and Maintenance Corporation 68
Dam, Kenneth 9
Damra, Fawaz 279
Dar Al Hijrah Mosque (Falls Church) 263
Dar al-Mal al-Islami Bank 64, 85
Dar al-Mal al-Islami Investment Corporation (DMI) 108, 129
Dar al-Mal al-Islami Trust 64–65
Dar ul-Hijra Foundation 188, 189, 192
Dar ul-Islam 200
al-Daraan, Abd al-Latif bin Abd al-Karim 39
Darkazanli, Mamoun 241
Darul Arqan movement 197
Darul Istiqamah al Haramain 204
Darul-Iman Charitable Association 23
da‘wa (establishing Islam) 6, 129, 152, 157, 232
Afghanistan and 85, 92
Europe and 237, 239
Saudi Arabia and 39, 42, 46
Southeast Asia and 188, 200
Da‘wa Committee, National 260
Da‘wa Program, Comprehensive (Sudan) 114
Dayton Peace Accords 143, 144, 145, 150, 177
de Villepin, Dominique 248
Deeb, Mustafa Hashim al-Shaykh 230
Defense of Islamic Countries as an Inherent Duty 88
Democratic League of Kosovo (LDK) 149
Denmark 36, 95, 137, 222, 251–256
Dharb-i-mumin 103
al-Din, Shaykh Iz 136
Direction de la Surveillance du Territoire 246
Diyanet Isleri Turk Islam Birligi 238
Djeranskyi, Maghomed 178
Dostum, Abdul Rashid 157
Dresdner Kleinwort Benson 62
Dubai 45, 55, 56, 68, 74, 75, 137, 184
banks and 55, 56, 68, 74, 75
Dubai Al Barakaat Bank 74
Dubai Islamic Bank 56, 62, 64
al-Dubayan, Ahmad 237–238
Dudayev, President Dzhokar (Chechnya) 120, 176, 177
Durrani, General Asad 238
Dushanbe 160, 162, 163
Dwikarna, Agus 202
East Africa 36, 113, 125, 127–128, 283
East Bengal Legislative Assembly 206
East Pakistan 206, 207
Eastern European Muslim Youth 146
Ebrahim, al-Hajj Murad 196
Educational Policy (Saudi Arabia), Higher Committee for 24
Effendi, Ibrahim 121
Egypt, zakat and 16–17
Egyptian nationalists 90
Ehrenfeld, Rachel 123–127
EIJ (Egyptian Islamic Jihad) 208
Afghanistan and 79, 85, 89, 92, 95, 96
al-Zawahiri 90, 91
Balkans and 142, 145
Albania 147, 148, 149
North America and 266, 270, 276, 279
Russia and 180
Saudi Arabia and 32, 36, 37, 47
see also Jama‘at al-Islamiyya
Eindhoven 252
El Banna, Dr. Hany 258
El Moujahed (Al Mujahideen) 138
Elashi, Ghassan 272, 273, 276
Elbarasse, Ismael 272
Elshayyal, Dr. Farid 42
El-Shifa pharmaceutical plant 67
Emdad Committee for Islamic Charity 234
Emerson, Steven 279
Jihad in America 279
Emir of Jihad: see Azzam, Dr. Abdullah Yusuf
Eritrea 112, 122, 271, 278
Erk (Uzbek political party) 165
Ershad, General H. M. 207
Erste Bank Österreich (First Austrian Bank) 140, 141, 143
Ethiopia 40, 69, 147, 244, 257
Sudan and 112, 125
al-Qadi 122, 123
Europe
Eastern 43, 111, 141, 153
Muslims in 239–240
Algeria and Palestine 248–251
France 245
Germany 240–242
Italy 242–245
Netherlands, Belgium, and Denmark 251–256
United Kingdom 256–259
Finsbury Park Mosque 260–262
European Council for Fatwa and Research 24
European Union (EU) 53, 54, 56, 214, 222, 223, 232
Executive Commission for Belgian Muslims 254, 256
External Security Organization 277
Eye to Eye 257
al-Fadl, Jamal Ahmed 98, 99
Fadlallah, Shaykh Muhammad Hussein 234, 235
Al Islam wa Mantaq al-Quwa (Islam and the Logic of Force) 234
al-Fagih, Dr. Saad 87
Fahd bin Abd al-Aziz, King 23, 66, 133, 216
Holy Land and 212, 216, 227, 230, 231
Saudi Arabia and 29, 34, 36
Faisal, King 19, 29, 65, 242
Faisal bin Abd al-Aziz, Prince 121, 129
banks and 60
Faisal Financial SA 64
Faisal Islamic Bank 64, 94, 110, 121
Sudanese practice and 107, 108, 109
Fakihi, Muhammad Jaber 237, 238, 239, 240
al-Falastini, Shaykh Taqiuddine an-Nabhani 159, 160
Falls Church 24, 142, 263, 280, 283
Families United to Bankrupt Terrorism, 9/11 57
Farrakhan, Louis 119
al-Faruq, Omar 202, 210
al-Faruqi, Ismail 280
Fathi, Shaykh: see Abu Sayyaf
fatwa 40, 102, 140, 208, 258
Afghanistan and 91, 92, 102
Russia and 167, 179
Faubourg Saint-Denis Mosque 247
al-Fawaz, Khaled 258
FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation)
banks and 52, 54, 71, 268
Holy Land Fund for Relief and Development (HLF) 273, 274, 275
investigating charities and 266
SAAR Foundation and 280, 281, 283
WISE and 279
Federation of Muslim Student Leaders 189
Felastine al-Muslemah 99
Fi Sabilillah 192, 195
Fifth International Conference on Zakat 15
Financial Action Task Force (FATF) 49, 54–55, 57
Financing of Terrorism, International Convention for the Suppression of (UN) 54
Finsbury Park Mosque 152, 260–262
Fiqh Council of North America 283
First Conference of Jihad 89
FIS (Islamic Salvation Front) (Algeria) 70, 94, 143, 247
Sudan and 120
Fisk, Robert 137
Fortuyn, Pym 253, 254
Forum Komunikasi Ahlus Sunnah wal Jama‘ah (Sunni Communication Forum) (FKAWJ) 201
Foundation for Chechnya 39, 174, 179
Foundation Secours Mondial (FSM) 255
France 245, 248–251
Friends of Charities Association (FOCA) 270
From Dawa to Jihad (AIVD report) 254
FTATC (Foreign Terrorist Asset Tracking Center) 9–10
Funds Beyond Frontiers Foundation 253
al-Gannushi, Rashid 4, 117
Gaza Strip 9, 23, 99, 211, 212, 221, 229, 232, 236
Arafat’s corruption and 223, 224, 225
charities and 214, 215
Europe and 248, 257
HAMAS and 216, 217, 218, 219
Intifada and 225, 226, 228
North America and 271, 273, 274
Palestine Red Crescent Society (PRCS) and 212, 213
Saudi Arabia and 37, 44
Geneva Convention 31, 228
Geneva Organisation du Crime Organisé 245
Genoud, François 62
Georgia 39, 159, 174–175, 281
Germany 240–242
al-Ghozi, Fathur Rohman 195, 198, 202
Ghrewati, Baha Eldin 245
Gilan, Shaykh Mubarik Ali 267
Giro Credit 55, 110
Golden Chain 52, 51–53, 100, 145, 252
Gorbachev, President Mikhail 162, 176
Green Party (Germany) 240
GRF (Global Relief Foundation) 210, 255, 265, 267–269
Group of Twenty 55
Gufron, Perjalanan Ali (Mukhlas) 203
Gul, General Hamid 82
Gulf and African Chamber 244
Gulf Center SRL 245
Gulf Cooperation Council 61
Habib, Aadil 98
Haddad, Rabih Sami 255, 268, 269
Hadith (sayings of the Prophet) 11, 14, 58
al-Hady, Muhammad al-Bashir Muhammad 109
al-Hage, Wadih 94, 98, 128, 241, 269
hajj pilgrimage 27, 58, 158, 185
al-Halwagy, Professor Abdul Satar Abdul-Haq 130
Hamadabi, Ahmad Abd al-Rahman 119
HAMAS (Islamic Resistance Movement) 70, 216–221, 229–233, 245, 251, 253, 262, 266, 267, 271–274, 275, 280, 281
Al Majd 218
Hambali (Riduan Isamuddin) 195, 197, 198, 205
Indonesia and 200, 203
Malaysia and 195, 197, 198, 199
Hamdan, Usama 223
Hamdi, Abdel Rahim 109
Hamdi, Tarik 281
al-Hamiani, Hallal Ahmed 249
al-Hamwi, Ahmad: see Abu Omar
Happy Hearts 284
Harakat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami (Jihad Movement) (HUJI) 102, 208–209
Hasavyut, Tadjurin 178
Hashim, Nur 119
Hashim, Shaykh Salamat 187, 196
MILF and 185, 186
Hassan, Abd al-Bagi Muhammad 125
Hassan, Ahmad Bille 127
Hassan bin Talal, Crown Prince 15
Hassanein, Dr. al-Fatih Ali 140, 141, 142, 143, 238
Hassanein, Sukarno 140
Hassound, Adham Amin 271
hawala 71–75, 193, 259, 278
al-Haydar, Shaykh Abu Adil Uthman 144
Health and Education Project International 277
Health Partners International 277
Hekmatyar, Gulbuddin 79, 87, 92, 157, 163
Qutb and 81, 82, 83
al-Hennawi, Mahmud 180
Heritage Education Trust 282, 283
Herndon, Virginia 24, 263
SAAR Foundation and 279, 280, 281, 283
Hewitt, Ibrahim 221
Hezb-i-Islami (Islamic Party) 82, 87, 109, 157
al-Hifnawi, Sami Mahmoud: see al-Zawahiri, Ayman
Himmat, Ali Ghaleb 69, 70, 71
Himmatzoda, Mohammadsharif 163
Hizb Nahda (Islamic Renaissance Party of Tajikistan) (IRPT) 162–164
Hizb ut-Tahrir 256, 260
Hizb-i-Wahdat 82, 157
Hizbullah 233–236
Hizbullah Party 136
Hofmann, Dieter 141
“Hofstad Network” 254
Holy Cities 23, 27
Holy Land 211–236, 273
Arafat’s charitable corruption 223–225
charities in Palestine 214–216
HAMAS 216–221
Intifada 225–229
Lebanon and Hizbullah 233–236
Palestine and HAMAS 229–233
Palestine Red Crescent Society (PRCS) 212–214
United States response 221–223
Holy Land Fund for Relief and Development (Holy Land Foundation, HLF) 271–276
Hong Kong 52, 110, 183, 188
al-Hosain, Shaykh Saleh 38
al-Houri, Ali Saed bin 54
Huber, Albert F. A. 70
Human Appeals International (HAI) 137, 154, 240
Human Concern International (HCI) 97, 148, 153, 238, 276–277, 278
Human Relief International 148
Humana Charitable Trust 283
al-Hussein, Abdullah Osman Abdul Rahman 252
al-Hussein, Hamad 252
Hussein, King 217, 225
Hussein, Saddam 193
Hussein, Siraj Mohamed 123
HuT (Islamic Liberation Party) 159–160, 163, 166, 167, 170, 171, 172
Uzbekistan and 166, 167
IAC (Islamic African Center) 113
IAP (Islamic Association for Palestine) 265, 270, 275
IARA (Islamic African Relief Agency) 85, 113, 114, 116, 126, 262, 265, 277
Sudanese charities and 112, 113
Ibadulla, Kazi Hajji Nasrullah ibn 168
IBC (Islamic Benevolence Committee) 85, 114, 117, 144, 267
Saudi Arabia and 45, 46
Ibn Saud: see Abd al-Aziz bin Abd al-Rahman al-Saud
Ibn Saud, Muhammad 57, 58
Ibn Taymiyya 80
Ibrahim, Mahdi 140
Ibrahim bin Abdul-Aziz al-Ibrahim Fund 134, 163
ICC (Islamic Coordinating Council) 85, 112, 151
ICF (Islamic Charter Front) 3
Ichkeria, Republic of (Chechnya) 176
ICP (Islamic Committee for Palestine) 117, 217, 224
North America and 266, 278, 279
IDF (Israel Defense Force) 214, 223, 226, 228, 232
Idris, King 69
Idris, Salah 67
IHH (Turkish Humanitarian Relief Foundation, International Humanitaire Hilfsorganization) 143, 238, 240
IICO (International Islamic Charitable Organization) 70, 137
IIRO (International Islamic Relief Organization) 35–38
Ikhwan: see Muslim Brotherhood
Ikraa 161, 174, 180, 181
IMF (International Monetary Fund) 223
Imperial Bank of Persia 59
Imron, Ali 204
India 21, 36, 71, 75, 103
Europe and 258, 259
Southeast Asia and 198, 205, 208
Indonesia 200–204
infaq (spending) 11, 18
Infaq Sabilallah-Jihad Fund 200
InfoCom 275
Ingushetia 47, 176, 178, 179
Institute of the Arab World (Paris) 246
internally displaced persons (IDPs) 135, 151
International Council for Islamic Information (ICII) 200
International Development Foundation 259
International Institute for Islamic Thought (IIIT) 280, 281, 282
International Islamic Aid (IIA) 247
International Islamic Alliance of Muslim Missionaries 189
International Islamic Brigade (IIB) 177, 178, 192
International Islamic Front for Jihad against the Jews and Crusaders 208, 209
International Muslim Aid Committee to the Palestinian Nation 220
International Programme of the National Lottery Charities Board 257
INTERPAL (Palestine Relief and Development Fund) 220, 221, 224, 257, 259, 275
Intifada 117, 225–229, 233, 272, 278
HAMAS and 217, 218, 230, 232
IQRA Trust Prisoners’ Welfare 257
Iran 7, 27, 57, 64, 94, 96, 139, 277
Balkans and 134, 136, 143, 145
Albania 146, 148
Bosnia 134, 135, 136
Third World Relief Agency 141, 142
Holy Land and 234
Russia and 162, 163, 164, 166, 173
Sudan and 105, 116, 119, 126, 139
Iran–Palestine Friendship Society 234
Iranian Culture Center (Belgrade) 146
Iranian Humanitarian Aid Organization 144
Iranian Revolutionary Guards 148, 151, 235
Liberation Organization Bureau 234
Iraq 50, 96, 105, 117, 118, 160
banks and 57, 58, 61, 64
Europe and 244, 247
Holy Land and 211, 212, 218
IRIC (Islamic Research and Information Center) 189, 190, 197
IRSA (Islamic Relief Agency) 112, 113, 114, 139, 221, 262
revolution and 113, 114
Isamuddin, Riduan: see Hambali
ISCAG (Islamic Studies for Call and Guidance) 189, 191, 192
Islah (Islamic Reform Party) (Yemen) 97, 174, 242
Islah Women’s Charitable Society 13
Islamabad 83, 84, 136, 147, 277
al-Islambuli, Lieutenant Khalid Ahmad Shawki 80
Islami Chhatra Shibir (ICS) 208
Islami Oikya Jote (Islamic Unity Front) 209
Islamic Alliance to Liberate Afghanistan 82
Islamic Assembly of North America 265
Islamic Association for Palestine (IAP) 272, 273, 274
Islamic Banking Research Institute 63
Islamic Banking System International 62, 107
Islamic Call Organization 111, 113, 126, 127, 253
revolution and 113, 114
Islamic Center Charity Society 13
Islamic centers 19, 129, 182, 191, 192
banks and 69, 70
cultural 152, 237
economic 16
Europe 244, 256
Geneva 33
Herndon 263
Tucson 264, 269, 270, 272
Washington DC 263
Islamic Charity Project International 146
Islamic Charity Societies 214
Islamic Charity for Zakat 231
Islamic Circle of North America 274
Islamic Civilization Project for Africa 112, 113
Islamic Community in Germany 242
Islamic Community of Ticino 244
Islamic Company for Investment 107
Islamic Concern Project 278
Islamic Countries Educational, Scientific, Cultural Organization (ICESCO) 246
Islamic Cultural Foundation 19
Islamic Cultural Institute 243, 274
Islamic Development Bank (IDB) 21, 62, 106, 146, 157
Holy Land and 227, 231
Southeast Asia and 189, 196
Islamic Heritage orphanage 147
Islamic Human Rights Commission of France 250
Islamic Jihad Movement 3, 91, 92, 96, 226, 228, 236, 276
Palestine (IJMP) 216, 217, 220, 221, 231, 233
Yemen 97
Islamic Movement for Africa (IMA) 129
Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) 159, 166, 167, 168, 172
Islamic National Salvation Party 218
Islamic Presentation Committee (IPC) 189
Islamic Relief 146, 258
Islamic Relief (Secours Islamique) 248, 249, 250
Islamic Relief Worldwide 257, 258, 264
Islamic Relief Committee of Nazareth 274
Islamic Revival Foundation of Kuwait 149
Islamic Salvation Foundation 88
Islamic Society of North America (ISNA) 249, 264, 274
Islamic Solidarity Bank 107
Islamic Spiritual Directorates (Soviet) 158
Islamic Students’ Association 188, 208
Islamic Summit Conference of Kaaba, Third 239
Islamic Supreme Council of America 199, 230
Islamic Union of Freiburg 242
Islamic Waqf Organization 133
Islamic Wisdom Worldwide Mission 190, 192
Islamic Workers’ Union 242
Islamic World Committee 137
Islamic Young Women’s Association 231
Islamic Zakaat Fund 128
Islamic-American Zakat Foundation 271
Islamische Gemeinschaft Milli Gorus 238
Isle of Man 121, 123, 281, 283
Isma‘il, Dr. Mustafa Osman 139
ISRA (Islamic Studies and Research Association) 146
Israel 17, 47, 211, 217
Europe and 255, 259, 260, 261
North America and 272, 275, 279
Issar, Redouan 254
‘It-is-Truth’ internet campaign 97
Italian Muslim Association 243
Italy 31, 55, 69, 135, 219, 239, 242–245
Izetbegovic, President Alija 131–133, 144, 145, 153
Bosnia and 133, 134, 136
Islam Between East and West 132
“Islamic Declaration” (1970) 132
Third World Relief Agency and 140, 141, 142
Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades 218, 225
Jabaliyya Charity Association 224
Ja‘far al-Sadiq 14
Jahjah, Dyab Abu 253, 255
Jaish-e-Muhammad 99, 101, 102, 103, 219
Jama‘at al-Islamiyya 37, 40, 70, 144, 208
Afghanistan and 79, 80, 89, 92, 94, 96
see also EIJ
Jama‘at-i-Islami 81, 82, 157, 207, 208, 209, 249, 260
Jameel, Abdul Latif 22
Jamiyat al-Islah al-Itjimai 170
Jammah Islamiyya (JI) 187, 205
Abu Sayyaf and 195, 196, 197
Indonesia and 200, 201, 202, 203, 204
Malaysia and 198, 199, 200
Janjalani, Abdurajak Abubakar 188, 192, 193, 194, 195, 197
Janjalani, Qaddafi 195, 196, 197
Jannati, Ayatollah Ahmad 136
Jawad, Salah al-Din Abdel 100
Jemal, Geidar 156, 157
Jersey 122, 123
Jerusalem Fund for Human Services 221
Jewish Defense League 250
al-Jihad 91, 92
Jihad al-Bina‘a 235
John Paul II, Pope 183, 184, 193
Jordan, Vernon 275
Jordan
Afghanistan and 83, 99
Holy Land and 211, 218, 224
Russia and 160, 170, 176, 180
Southeast Asia and 191, 201
Jordan Charity Coalition 224
Julaidan, Wael Hamza (Abu Hasan al-Madani) 32, 122, 145, 154, 269
Rabita Trust and 100–101
Saudi Arabia and 32, 35
Jumale, Ahmed Nur Ali 74
Kabbani, Shaykh Muhammad Hisham 199, 230
Kadyrov, Akhmad 179
Kahane, Meir 270
Kamel, Shaykh Saleh Abdallah 75, 174, 221
banks and 64, 68
Sudan and 109, 121
Karadzic, Radovan 132
Karavan Construction Company 149
Karimov, President Islam Abduganievich 165, 166, 167, 168
Kashmir Muslim Front 247
Kasim, Farid 260
Katz, Rita 273, 280–281
Kazakhstan 168–171
Kazakhstanskaya Pravda 170
Kenya
Sudan and 110, 125
Al Qaeda 127, 128
Khadr, Ahmed Said (Abu al-Kanadi) 97, 276, 277
Khalid, King 29
Khalifa, Muhammad Jamal 187–191
Khalifah Trading Industries Ltd 188
Khalis, Yunnis 109
Khan, Khezretguly 168
Kharban, Kamar Eddin (Sid Ahmed Mourad) 120, 143, 238
Khartoum–Al Qaeda Nexus 106
Khatmiyya religious brotherhood 108
Khattab, Amir (Commander) 162, 164, 177, 178
Khomeini, Ayatollah 27, 91, 217, 234
King Faisal Foundation of Riyadh 65
King Faisal International Award for Islamic Studies 130
Konsojaya Trading Company 197, 198
Kor, Hakim 165
Kosovo 31, 39, 143, 146, 148, 149–153, 274
UN Mission in (UNMIK) 145, 152
Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) 148, 150, 151
Kozyrev, Andrei 156
Kumpulan Mujahideen Malaysia (KMM) 197, 199, 205
Kurdish Cultural Centre (KCC) 257
Kurdistan 45
Kuwait
Balkans and 137, 146, 149, 151
banks and 56, 61, 62, 69, 70
Russia and 157, 170, 179, 180
Kuwait Finance Group 107
Kuwait Joint Relief Committee 144, 180
Kuwaiti Society for the Revival of Islamic Heritage 174
Kuwaiti Zakat Fund 108
Kyagulanyi, Alirabaki (Shaykh Jamil Mukulu) 128
Kyrgyz National Security Council 171, 172
Kyrgyzstan 156, 157, 159, 171–173
La Vie 249
Laden International 94
al-Lahim, Shaykh Hamoud 189, 191
Principles of Islam 189
Lajnat al-Birr al-Islamiyya (LBI): see IBC
Lashkar-e-Jangvi 167
Lashkar-e-Toiba 49, 101, 103
Laskar Jihad (LJ) 197, 201
Lavrov, Sergei V. 181
League of Pakistani Islamic Propagation 189
Lebanon 116, 117, 119, 257, 269
Holy Land and 211, 213, 217, 221, 236
Hizbullah and 233–236
Lebed, Alexsandr 178
Leemount Limited 121
legislation
Bank Secrecy Act (USA) 41
Faisal Islamic Bank Act 1977 (Sudan) 107
Foreign Intelligence Service Act (FISA) (USA) 323
Income Tax Act (Canada) 278
Income Tax Act (Pakistan) 102
International Economic Powers Act (USA) 53
International Emergency Economic Powers Act 1979 (IEEPA) (USA) 275
Money Laundering Control Act (USA) 41
Patriot Act 2001 (USA) 54, 55
Public Association (1991) (Uzbekistan) 166
Saudi Banking Control Law 56
Terrorism Act (2000) (UK) 240
Libya 69, 94, 169
Southeast Asia and 185, 192, 195
Sudan and 111, 116
Liechtenstein 68, 70, 141, 245, 281
Lijnat al-Da‘wa (Kuwait) 137
Likud Party 226
Lindh, John Walker 97
Ljevakovic, Irfan 141
Lowey, Nita 274
Luxembourg 62, 67, 110, 245
Maasari, Shaykh Muhammad 258, 267
Mabrouk, Mohamed Ahmed Salama 147, 180
Macedonia 39, 135, 143, 144, 148, 258
Kosovo and 150, 151
al-Madani, Abu Hasan: see Julaidan, Wael Hamza
Madli 174
Madrasat al-Sulatiya al-Diniyah 186
Magen David Adom (Red Star of David) 228
Magtymguly Youth Association (Turkmenistan) 169
mahalla (neighborhood organization) 159
Mahdi, Ali 125, 126
al-Mahdi, Qutbi 277, 278
al-Mahdi, Prime Minister Sadiq 94, 113, 115
Mahir, Prime Minister Ahmad 90
majlis al-shura 39, 47
MAK (Mujahideen Services Bureau) 32, 51, 144, 268, 270
Afghanistan and 87–88, 89, 90
Emir of Jihad 84, 85
foot-soldiers 97, 98
mujahideen 93, 94, 96
Saudi Arabia and 32, 35, 46
Makkah Humanitarian Organization 133
Makkah Mukarramah Charity Trust, Inc. 281
Malaysia 197–200
Malaysian Central Bank 64
Malaysian Moujahedeen Group 197
Manji, Irshad 278
Trouble with Islam 278
al-Maqdisi, Abu Muhammad 256
Mar-Jac Investments 281
Margate Muslim Association 261
Martyrs Foundation 234
Marzouk, Musa Abu 267, 282, 283
Holy Land and 219, 223
Fund for Relief and Development (HLF) 271, 272, 275
Mash‘al, Khaled 222, 223, 225, 232
Maskhadov, General Aslan 178, 179
al-Masri, Abu Hamza 260, 261, 262
al-Masri, Hani 223
al-Masri, Saif al-Islam 47, 175, 179
al-Masri, Sayf-al-Adl 26
al-Masri, Shaykh Said 53
Massoud, Ahmad Shah 157
al-Maududi, Maulana Sayyid Abu al-‘Ala 80, 81, 186, 207
Mauritania 111, 128, 129, 137
Mawdudi Institute 201
Mecca 22, 23, 111, 159, 185
banks and 58, 68
Saudi Arabia and 27, 35, 38
“Mecca Declaration” 239
Medani, Shaykh Abbasi 247
Medical Aid for Palestine (MAP) 221, 257
Medina 58, 102
zakat and 11, 20, 23
al-Mekki, Ibrahim 91
Mena Investments, Inc. 281
Mendoza Jr., Rodolfo Bauzon 191
Mercy International Relief Organization (MIRO) 188, 189, 283
Balkans and 153
Sudan and 126, 128
United Kingdom 259
Meta, Prime Minister Ilir 149
al-Mezain, Imam Mohammad 267, 273
Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI) 226
Middle School Number One, Beslan 181
MILF (Moro Islamic Liberation Front) 185–187
Millward, William 126
Milosevic, President Slobodan 132, 149, 150, 151
Mirza, Abduwal 165
Mirza, Yaqub 280
Misuari, Nur 185–187, 194
Mit Cham Savings Bank 62
MNLF (Moro National Liberation Front) 185, 187
Abu Sayyaf and 192, 194
Moafak el Hairiya (Blessed Relief) 123
al-Moayad, Shaykh Mohammad Ali Hassan 242
Mock, Alois 136
Mohammed, Ali 99–100, 127, 270
Mohammed, Prime Minister Mahathir 197, 198, 200
Morocco 42, 62, 132, 170, 244
Mostan International 282
“Mothers of Srebrenica and Podrinje” 145
Mourad, Sid Ahmed: see Kharban, Kamar
Moussaoui, Zacarias 54, 199
Movement for Islamic Reform 87
Movement for National Unity and Revival (Tajikistan) 164
MSA (Muslim Students’ Association of the United States and Canada) 263, 264, 277, 282, 291
Mu‘awiya ibn Abi Sufyan 13, 14
Mubarak, President Hosni 17, 83, 123, 147
mudarabah (partnerships) 63, 70
Mugniyah, Imad 235
Muhammad, Ali Mahdi 125
Muhammad, Khaled Shaykh 96, 97, 137, 184
Muhammad, Omar Bakri 260
Muhammad, Zahid Shaykh 137
Muhammad al-Faisal al-Saud, Prince 65, 68, 107, 109
Mukhlas: see Gufron, Perjalanan Ali
Mukhtar, Brigadier Kamal Ali 114
Mukhtar, Sharaf al-Din Ali 114
Multi-Donor Trust Fund 196
Murad, Abdul Hakim 183, 184
Museveni, President Yoweri Kaguta (Uganda) 140
Musharraf, President Pervez 101, 103, 168
Muslim Aid 221, 257, 258
Muslim Arab Youth Association (MAYA) 273
Muslim Association 42, 261
Muslim Brotherhood
Abd al-Rahman and 91, 92
Al Qaeda and 79, 80
banks and 58, 59, 61, 62
HAMAS and 217, 219, 220
Holy Land and 214, 220, 221
Palestinan wing 215
Russia and 163, 176
al-Zawahiri and 90
Muslim Council of Britain 259–260
Muslim Council of France 245
Muslim Cultural Society of Enfield and Haringey 260, 261
Muslim Girls’ and Young Women’s Association 261
Muslim Hands 257
Muslim Investment Corporation 42
Muslim Religious Office for Kazakhstan 171
Muslim Salvation Organization of Burma 205
Muslim Welfare House 261
Muslim Youth 43
Muslim Youth Society 131, 219
Muslims of the Americas 267
Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal coalition 249
Muwafaq Foundation 54, 248, 252
Balkans and 137, 138, 146, 149
Sudan and 113, 114, 117, 126, 240
Muwafaq Society 138
MWL (Muslim World League) 33–35, 263, 284
Myanmar (Burma) 206, 209
Nabiev, Rakhmon 162
Nada, Youssef Mustafa 69, 70, 71, 220
Italy and 244, 245
North America and 281, 282, 283
Nada International 281
Nada Management Organization 69, 71
Nafi, Dr. Bashir 266, 278–279
al-Naggar, Ahmed Ibrahim 147–148
Nahda Society 228
al-Nahyan, Shaykh Hamdan ibn Zayed 230
Naif bin Abd al-Aziz al-Saud, Prince 24, 101, 227, 230, 231
Naipaul, V. S. 200
Among the Believers 200
Najibullah, Mohammad 92–93
al-Najjar, Ahmad 62
Namangani, Juma 167
al-Namlah, Dr Ali bin Ibrahim 38, 41
Naqai, Shaykh Abu Abdul Aziz 44
Naqshabandi, Shaykh Bahauddin 165
Nasco Business Residence Center 245
Naseef, Dr. Abdullah Omar 101
Nasir, Lt. General Javed 103
Nasr, Fadlallah Burma 115
Nasreddin, Ahmed Idris 69, 70, 283
Italy and 244, 245
Nasreddin Company (Nasco SAS) 245
Nasreddin Foundation 69, 70
Nasreddin International Group 69, 245
Nasser, President Gamal Abdel 59, 60, 111, 130, 159, 212
Afghanistan and 79, 80, 90
zakat and 16, 17
National Arab Bank 45
National Bank of Abu Dhabi 107
National Commercial Bank (NCB) 45, 51, 56, 66–68, 121, 151, 227
Saudi banking and 59, 60, 61
National Democratic Alliance (NDA) (Sudan) 139
National Liberation Front (Algeria) 120
National Terrorist Financial Investigation Unit (NTFIU) 261
National Youth Organization Associations 126
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) 150, 151, 153, 155
Nawaf bin Abd al-Aziz, Prince 100, 101
Nazarov, Imam 166
Nazzal, Mohammad 99, 218–219
al-Nehdi, Khaled 68
Netanyahu, Benjamin 225
Netherlands Alislamic Aluok Foundation 146
Netherlands Antilles 55, 283
Netherlands, Belgium and Denmark 221, 251–256
“New Financiers of Terror” (Italy) 244
New Islamic Order 177
New Jersey 47, 142, 219, 270, 274, 282
New Jihad Group 91
New York Times 231, 269
Newsbreak 194
NGOs (non-government organizations) 10, 85, 140, 210
Europe and 238, 257
Holy Land and 212, 234
North America and 276, 278
Russia and 157, 159, 166, 167, 168, 174
Saudi Arabia and 35, 49
Sudan and 114, 117, 126
NIF (National Islamic Front) 3, 18
Balkans and 139, 141
Sudan and 109, 113, 114, 123
banking 108
People’s Defense Force (PDF) 115, 116
Nigeria 111, 128, 129, 130, 205
Nigeria Islamic Foundation 129
Nilein Industrial Bank 107
Nimatullahi Sufi order 248
nisab (property) 11, 18
Niyazov, President Saparmyrat (Turkmenistan) 168, 169–170
Ruhnama (The Book of the Soul) 169
NMCC (National Management Consultancy Center) 67, 121
Nomani, Shaykh 119
North American charities 263–286
Al Kifah and Al Haramain 269–271
BIF and GRF 267–269
Canadian connections 276–278
Holy Land Fund for Relief and Development (HLF) and 271–276
investigating 264–267
SAAR Foundation 279–284
WISE and 278–279
North Texas Joint Terrorism Task Force 275
NSRCC (National Salvation Revolutionary Command Council) 114, 115, 116
NSSWO (Non-Sudanese Students Welfare Organization) 127
al-Numayri, President Ja‘far 108, 113, 115, 139
Nurhasyim, Amrozi bin Haji 204
al-Nuri, Nadir 280
Nurjaman, Encep: see Hambali
al-Obaid, Dr. Abdullah 34
Occupied Land Fund 219, 271, 272
Odeh, Shaykh Abd al-Aziz 117, 266
OFAC (Office of Foreign Assets Control) 9, 41, 43, 53, 54, 71
Office of the Protection of the Constitution (BfV) 238, 240
Ogaden Islamic Union 119
OIC (Organization of the Islamic Conference) 77, 159, 216, 236
Balkans and 135, 136
Southeast Asia and 187, 206
Olimpio, Guido 243
Om al-Qura Foundation 200, 205
Oman 16, 64, 230
Omar, Mullah Mohammed 97, 98, 102
Omar, Shaykh 262
Onos, Hadji 195
OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) 34, 60, 196
Open Society Institute 168
Operation Blue Marlin 184
Operation Bojinka 46, 96, 183, 184, 188
Malaysia and 197, 198
Operation Defensive Shield 228
Operation Green Quest 43, 54, 280, 281, 282, 283
Operation Green Veil 195
Operation Peace for Galilee 233
Operation Restore Hope (Somalia) 125, 127
Organization of Asian Students in Cairo 186
Orphans’ Assistance Association 232
Oslo Accords 213, 220, 225
Declaration of Principles 213
Othman, Omar Mahmud: see Abu Qutada
Ottoman Empire 15, 31, 58
Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) (USA) 223
Pacquette, Claude 277
Padilla, Jose 46
Pahlavi, Shah Reza 7
PAIC (Popular Arab and Islamic Congress) 128, 136, 156, 177
General Assembly 118, 119
al-Turabi and 118, 119, 120
Pakistan 101–104
Pakistan Muslim Social Welfare Association 247, 249
Pakistan National Economic Council 103
Pakistan Scholars/Ulema Society 208
Pakistan Second Constituent Assembly 206
Palestine 214–216, 229–233
Palestine Charity Committee 280
Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) 107, 117, 218, 220, 227, 236
North America and 266, 279
Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) 212, 213, 226, 233
Arafat’s corruption and 223
charities and 214, 215, 216
Europe and 250, 251
HAMAS and 217, 218, 219, 220
Palestinian Executive Committee 213
“PLO Bank” 214
Palestine National Council 213
Palestine Relief and Development Fund: see INTERPAL
Palestine Welfare Association (PWA) 214
Palestinian Association of Austria 221
Palestinian Monetary Authority 231
Palestinian Student Friends Association 231
Palestinian–Israeli peace agreement 68
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 198, 200
Pankisi Gorge 174, 175
“Paris Conference on Humanitarian and Charitable Societies” 49
Partisans Movement in Kashmir 208
Party of Democratic Action (SDA) (Bosnia) 132, 141, 144
Pasha-Sade, Shaykh-ul-Islam Allahshukyur 173
Pathfinder Investments 283
Pattani United Liberation Organization (PULO) 203, 204–205
Patterns of Global Terrorism (State Department) 266
PDF (People’s Defense Force) (Sudan) 115–117, 122
Peace Committee and “War of Liberation” (Pakistan) 208
Peace and Development Foundation 114, 126
Pearl, Daniel 103
Pentagon Group (Philippines) 188
People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) 82
Persian Gulf 23, 47, 59
Peshawar
Connection 86
Emir of Jihad and 84, 85
Osama bin Laden and 87, 88
Peshawar–Al Qaeda Nexus 78
al-Zawahiri and 90, 91
“Peshawar Seven” 82
Philippine Council for Peace and Development 194
Philippine Muslim Student Organization 186
Philippines
Indonesia and 200, 201, 202, 203
Malaysia and 197, 198, 200
Saudi Arabia and 36, 37, 45, 46
Pipes, Daniel 286
Popular Committee for Assisting the Palestinian Mujahideen (PCAPM) 215, 227
Popular Front (Tajikistan) 162
Powell, Colin 57
Prince Sultan Ibn Abdul Aziz Special Committee for Relief (SCR) 128
Putin, President Vladimir 179, 181
Qaddafi, Colonel Muammar 69, 111, 169, 185
Green Book 169
al-Qadi, Yassin Abdullah 121–124, 149, 154, 221, 240
al-Qaradawi, Shaykh Yousuf Abdullah 24–25, 61, 70, 179
Holy Land and 220, 224, 225
North America and 267, 271
Qasim, Talaat Fouad Abdul 36, 85, 96
Qatar 17, 24, 179, 271
Holy Land and 224, 230, 231
Qatar Charitable Society 137, 240
al-Qattan, Shaykh Ahmed 271
Quddus, Imtiaz 209
Quranic Literacy Institute 124
Qutb, Muhammad 59
Qutb, Sayyid 81–83, 163, 186
Fi Zilzal al-Quran (In the Shade of the Quran) 79
Ma‘aallim Fittareek (Milestones) 79
Rabbani, Burhanuddin 79, 81, 82
Rabita Trust 57, 100–101, 145, 157
Rabitatul Mujahideen coalition 203
Racak massacre 151
Radjab, Muhammad 165
Rahman, Abdur 176
Rahman, Bangabandu Shaykh Mujibur 206, 207, 208
“Our Charter of Survival” 206
Rahman, Mustafa 89
Rahman, General Ziaur “Zia” 207
Rajah Sulaiman Movement 196
al-Rajhi, Saleh Abd al-Aziz 282
al-Rajhi, Shaykh Suleiman Abd al-Aziz 66, 121, 280, 281, 282
al-Rajhi, Yousif Abdullah 66
Rakhmonov, President Imomali 160, 162, 164
Ramadan, Said 33
Ramadan, Tariq 246
Rantissi, Abdel Aziz 223, 232
al-Rashed, Abd al-Rahman 48
al-Rashid, Salah 189
al-Rashid, Suleiman 100
Rashidah, Khilafah 13
RCC: see NSRCC
Reagan, President Ronald 82
Red Army 156, 175
Red Crescent Societies 35, 100, 114, 169, 213
Afghanistan and 85, 90, 91
Balkans and 137, 144, 145
Holy Land and 212, 213, 229, 230
Lebanese 213, 233, 234
Palestinian (PRCS) 212–214, 215, 228
HAMAS 232
Lebanon 233
Saudi Arabia (SARCS) 31–33
Red Cross 6, 31, 169, 214
Holy Land and 212, 213, 214
Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, International Commission for (ICRC) 16, 31, 33, 212, 213, 228
Regional Islamic Dawah Council of Southeast Asia and the Pacific (RISEAP) 199–200
Rehman, Maulana Fazlur 249
Renseignements Généraux (RG) 246
Republica (Albania) 148
Ressemi, Ahmet 145
Reston Investments, Inc. 281
Rida, Rashid 4, 78
al-Ridi, Essam 110
Riyadh 47–50
Rohingya Solidarity Organization (RSO) 209
Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) 278
royal family, Saudi 27, 34, 35, 36, 41, 94
banks and 57, 58, 62, 66
Holy Land and 214, 221, 229, 230
North America and 264, 281
Russia and 161, 173
Sudan and 108, 111
see also Saud, House of
Rugova, President Dr Ibrahim 149, 150
Russia and Central Asia 156–182
Chechnya 175–180
Georgia 174–175
Kyrgyzstan 171–173
lost opportunities 180–182
outsiders and 159–161
Russian army 162
Tajikistan 161–164
Transcaucasia 173–174
Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan 168–171
Uzbekistan 164–168
Russian Federal Security Service (FSB) 39, 161, 178, 180
Russian–Saudi detente 161
Saad, Abd al-Salaam Sulayman 111
Saad, Servakh Abed 161, 180
al-Saadawi, Alaa 47
Saakashvili, Mikheil 175
SAAR (Suleiman Abd al-Aziz al-Rajhi) Foundation 157, 265, 279–284
Sabbagh, Hasib 214
Sabra massacre 257
Sacirbey, Nedzib 131
sadaqa (gifts) 7, 11, 17, 43, 129, 265
Europe and 248, 250, 251
Holy Land and 214, 227
Sadat, President Anwar 147
Afghanistan and 80, 83, 89, 91, 92
zakat and 16, 17
al-Sadiq, Isma‘il 14
Safa Group 282, 283
Safa Trust 280, 281, 282
Salafi Brigade for Call and Combat (Algeria) 4, 244
Salafist Islamist movement 198
Salafiyya Movement 58, 78
Salim, Mamdouh 145, 268
Salman bin Abd al-Aziz, Prince 26, 32, 36, 41, 88
Balkans and 133, 144, 145
Holy Land and 216, 227
Salvation International Islamic Organization 180
SAMA (Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority) 56, 57, 64, 65, 67, 68, 232
Samudra, Imam 204
Sana-Bell Al Kheer 283
Sanabel al-Khair (Seeds of Charity) 36
Sanabil Association for Relief and Development 221, 233
al-Sanoussi, Ibrahim 116
Sanusiyya Brotherhood 69
Sarkozy, Nicolas 246, 248
Satar, Shaykh Abdullah 243
Saud, House of 4, 29, 57, 60, 65
Saud bin Abd al-Aziz al-Saud, King 29, 60, 66, 263
Saudi American Bank 45, 227
Saudi Arab Finance Corporation 110
Saudi Arabia and Islamic charities 23–25, 26–50
Al Haramain Islamic Foundation (AHIF) 38–41
Al Wafa Humanitarian Organization 43–45
Benevolence International Foundation (BIF) 46–47
donations 26–30
International Islamic Relief Organization (IIRO) 35–38
Muslim World League (MWL) 33–35
Riyadh bombings and 47–50
Saudi Arabia Red Crescent Society (SARCS) 31–33
World Assembly of Muslim Youth (WAMY) 41–43
Saudi Arabia National Human Rights Association 34
Saudi Benevolent Society 36
Saudi French Bank 228
Saudi High Commission for Aid to Bosnia (SHCB) 144, 154
Saudi High Relief Commission for Bosnia (SHRC) 33, 39, 134, 144, 145, 149, 153, 154
Kosovo and 151, 152
Saudi Joint Relief Committee for Kosovo and Chechnya (SJRC) 100, 151, 304
Saudi-British Bank 228
Saudi-Sudanese Bank 107, 121
SAUDIFIN (Saudi Finance Corporation) 110
Save the Children 257
Sayadi, Nabil (Abu Zaynab) 241, 255
al-Sayari, Hamad 56, 57
Sayyaf, Abdul Rab Rasul: see Abu Sayyaf
Schily, Otto 241
Schumer, Senator Charles 222
Scottish Charities Office 257
SDGTs (specially designated global terrorists) 44, 54, 56, 100, 259
SEDCO (Saudi Economic and Development Company) 66
Sedki, Prime Minister Atef (Egypt) 103
Sedky, Dr. Cherif 282
al-Seif, Abu Omar Mohammed: see Abu Seif
Senegal 128, 129, 249
September 11 2001 (9/11) 1, 96, 134, 137, 199, 252, 284
see also North America charities
Serbia 132, 133, 140, 150, 153, 258
Bosnia and 134, 135, 136, 143
Kosovo and 150, 151
Shaban, Shaykh Said 117
al-Shafi‘i, Muhammad ibn Idris 5
Shah, Wali Khan Amin 184, 198
Shahid, Leila 251
Shalabi, Mustafa 89
Shallah, Ramadan Abdullah 279
Shamzai, Nizamuddin 102
Shanghai Cooperation Organization
Charter for 173
Declaration of 172
“Shanghai Five” 172
Shaqaqi, Khalil 117
Shari‘a 114, 260
al-Sharif, Saad 54
Sharon, Ariel 226
Shatilla massacre 257
Shaykh, Sahid 259
al-Shaykh, Saleh 42
Shaykh Eid-ben Mohammed al-Thani Foundation 179
Shaykh Zayed bin Sultan al-Nahayyan Charitable and Humanitarian Foundation 256
Shevardnadze, Eduard 175
al-Shibh, Ramzi bin 54
Shifa International Hospitals Ltd. 121
al-Shiqaqi, Dr Ahmad Fathi 216, 279
Shishli Children’s Hospital 21
SIDO (Sub-Saharan International Development Organization) 123
Singapore 183, 184, 195, 198, 200, 206
Indonesia and 201, 202, 203
Thailand and 206
Sipah-e-Sahaba 167
Six Day War 212, 234
Siyam, Shaykh Muhammad 273
Slovenia 135, 141, 144
Social Care Committee 231
Social Reform Society 137
Society of Converts to Islam 260
Society of Muslim Lawyers 260
Society for Social Reform (SSR) (Kuwait) 180
Somalia 124–127
Soros, George 168
South Kazakhstan Humanitarian Academy 170
South Relief Agency 32
Southeast Asia 53, 82, 83, 97, 183–210
Abu Sayyaf Group 191–197
Bangladesh 206–210
Indonesia 200–204
Malaysia 197–200
Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) 185–187
Muhammad Jamal Khalifa 187–191
Southern Thailand 204–206
Spain 43, 194, 202, 205
Europe and 240, 241, 244, 250, 259
Special Arab Aid Fund for Africa (Saudi Arabia) 107
Spiritual Administration for Muslims of Central Asia 168, 173, 181
State Committee on Religious Affairs (Uzbekistan) 166
Sterling Charitable Gift Fund 281, 282, 283
Sterling Management Group 281
Success Foundation 283
Sudan, revolutionary 105–130
30 June Revolution 113, 115, 117
Sudan and Islamic charities 17–18, 105–130
Al Qaeda, East Africa and 127–128
banking 106–109
Hasan al-Turabi 117–121
Khartoum–Al Qaeda Nexus 106
Osama bin Laden 109–110
People’s Defense Force (PDF) 115–117
Revolution 113–115
in Somalia 124–127
in West Africa 128–130
Yassin Abdullah al-Qadi and Muwafaq 121–124
Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA) 109, 115, 116
Sudanese Financial Committee for Supporting the Kosovo Muslims 152
Sudanese Islamist movement 96
Sufi brotherhoods (tariqa) 58, 119, 158, 176
Sukarnoputri, President Megawati 203
Suliman, Fadil 42
Sultan bin Abd al-Aziz, Prince 68, 128, 230
Sungkar, Abdullah 198
Supreme Authority of Senior Scholars (Saudi Arabia) 173
Supreme Committee for the Collection of Donations for the Muslims of Bosnia 133, 134
Supreme Council for the Funds of Al Aqsa and the Al Quds Intifada 227
Supreme Council of Islamic Affairs 30
al-Suwaylim, Mansur 33
al-Suwaylim, Samir Salih Abdallah: see Abu Khattab
Switzerland
banks and 68, 69, 70, 71
Islamic system 62, 64, 65, 74
Europe and 239, 244, 245, 246, 259
Syria 21, 22, 160, 176, 189, 192
banks and 58, 62, 64, 70
Holy Land and 211, 212, 213, 234
Taba Investments 94
Tadamon Bank 94, 107, 108, 109, 110
Taha, Ali Osman 114
Taha, Muhammad 215
Taher, Abdel Hadi 100
Tajikistan 161–164
Islamic Resistance Party of Tajikistan 82
Tajik Communist Party 162
Talaa al-Fateh (Egypt) 89, 91
Taliban 4, 6, 22, 209, 229, 259
Afghanistan and 98, 102, 103
banks and 53, 55
Europe and 253, 258, 261
Russia and 157, 160, 163, 167
Saudi Arabia and 26, 37, 44
Tanzania 2, 40, 49, 56, 98, 145, 154, 241, 243, 259, 269
Sudan and 110, 128
Tarikh Osama (“Osama’s history”) 51
Task Force on Terrorism and Unconventional Warfare (US House of Representatives) 140
Tatarstan 157, 158, 181
Tawil, Raymonda 223
Tax and Zakat Commission 16
Terrorist Financing, Working Group on 57
terrorist lists
Islamist organizations 95
United Nations 68, 101, 181, 195
United States 195, 222, 234, 235, 266, 268
Thaci, Hashim 150
Thakur, Dr. Ayub 259
Thalib, Ustad Ja‘afar Umar 201
Third World Relief Agency (TWRA) 140–143
Thomas Jefferson Cultural Center 193
Times of London 116
Tita, Mohammed Hassan 147
Totonji, Ahmad 282
“Tottenham Ayatollah”: see Muhammad, Omar Bakri
Transcaucasia 173–174
Transitional Military Council (TMC) (Sudan) 113, 114
Trueco 22
Tudjman, Franjo 132
Tunisia 4, 62, 69, 245, 252
Holy Land and 217, 219
Russia and 160, 170
Sudan and 116, 117, 120
al-Turabi, Hasan 2–3, 117–121, 156–157, 177, 197, 267, 277, 279
Turajanzade, Mullah Akhbar 162, 163
Turkey 62, 92, 189, 220, 238, 256
Balkans and 136, 141, 142, 143, 144
Albania 146, 147
Russia and 157, 166, 170, 173, 182
zakat and 20, 21, 22
Turki al-Faisal bin Abd al-Aziz al-Saud, Prince 68, 88, 157
Turkish Advisory and Welfare Centre 257
Turkish Prosperity Party (RAFAH) 238, 241
Turkmenistan 157, 158, 168–171
UASR (United Association for Studies and Research) 271, 272
Uganda 21, 107, 112, 128, 140, 278
ulama (learned clerics) 7, 8, 33, 58, 166
zakat and 12, 14
Umar ibn al-Khattab, Caliph 13, 20
Unified National Leadership of the Uprising (UNLU) 218, 314
Unified Treasury of the National Palestinian Authority 227
Union des Organisations Islamiques de France (UOIF) 246
Union of Muslim Organizations of Italy (UCOII) 244, 245
United Arab Emirates (UAE) 17, 44, 157, 161, 196
banks and 68, 70, 74, 75
investigating 55, 56
Holy Land and 229, 230
United Kingdom (UK) 256–259
United Kingdom Islamic Education Foundation 257
United Malays National Organization 198
United Nations High Commission for Refugees 144, 229
United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) 126
United Nations International Task Force (UNITAF) 125
United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) 212, 232, 233
United States of America (USA) 221–223
see also North American charities
United Tajik Opposition (UTO) 162, 163
Unity Bank 107
al-Uqayl, Shaykh Uqayl bin Abdul Aziz (Aqeel al-Aqeel) 40, 41, 253
Uthman, Caliph 13
Uzbekistan 164–168
van Aartsen, Jozias 254
van Gogh, Theo 254
Vitug, Marites Daguilan 194
Vlaams Blok Party (Belgium) 256
Voice of Saudi Arabia 161
Voluntary Agencies (Sudan), Commissioner General for 122
WAFA (Palestine news agency) 44
al-Wahhab, Shaykh Muhammad ibn Abd 4, 23, 57, 58, 59
Wajed, Shaykh Hasina 208, 209
Wali Mekbal al-Juabirah Association 224
Wall Street Journal 103
Walton, Charles 194
WAMY (World Assembly of Muslim Youth) 15, 41–43, 222, 228, 232, 284
waqf (endowments) 18, 19–23, 36, 81, 129, 169
Holy Land and 214, 215, 218
Waqf Al Birr Education Trust 257
waqf khayr (charitable trust) 19, 44
“War of Liberation” (Bangladesh) 206, 207
Washington Post 8, 284
Washington Times 41
Welfare Association (Ta‘awoun) (UK) 257
West Africa 107, 113, 119, 128–130, 249
West Bank 9, 23, 68, 211, 212, 221, 236
Afghanistan and 83, 99
Arafat’s corruption and 223, 224, 225
Europe and 248, 257
HAMAS and 217, 218, 219, 229, 231
Intifada and 225, 226, 228
North America and 273, 274
Palestine Red Crescent Society (PRCS) and 212, 213
West Pakistan 206
Wisdom Enrichment Foundation (WEFOUND) 199, 200
Wisdom Journal 190
Wolfsberg Group 54
World Bank 196, 223
World Health Organization (WHO) 212
World and Islamic Studies Enterprise (WISE) 265, 278–280, 281
World Islamic Banking Conference (2002) 65
World Islamic League 161
World Kashmir Freedom Movement 259
World Trade Center 2, 8, 9, 30, 190, 241
Afghanistan and 96, 183, 184
Balkans and 137, 154
banks and 53, 68
North American charities and 267, 272
Xinjiang 172, 173
al-Yacoub, Ibrahim Salih Mohammed 54
Yahya of Yemen, Imam 58
Yakutsia 161, 181
al-Yamani, Mohammed Abed 161
Yaquby, Shaykh Nizam 63
Yasin, Shaykh Ahmed Isma‘il 215, 222, 225
HAMAS and 216, 217, 218
Palestine and 215, 232
Yeltsin, President Boris 177, 178
Yemen 13, 180, 184, 201, 205, 224
Afghanistan and 90, 93, 94, 97
Balkans and 133, 147, 154
banks and 58, 60, 66
Europe and 242, 243
North America and 275, 278
Yemen Society for Social Welfare 243
Yemeni Development Forum 257
Yew, Lee Kuan 206
York Foundation 281, 282
Yousef, Ahmed bin 272
Yousef, Ramzi 96–97, 184, 193, 197, 205
Muhammad Jamal Khalifa and 190
Yugoslavia 119, 131, 132, 135, 150
Yusuf, Azzam Mustafa 224
Zahiragic, Munib 154
zakat 11–25
waqf (endowments) 19–23
Zakat Account 39
zakat al-amwal al-batina 80
Zakat Board (Sudan) 18
Zakat Committee of Khan Younis 214
Zakat Committee of Ramallah 214
Zakat Committee of Tulkarem 214
Zakat Committee of Zenin 214
Zakat Fund, International 15
zakat, international conferences on 15, 24
Zalloum, Abdul Qadeem 159
Zamboanga Islamic Institute of the Philippines 193
Zarate, Juan 222
al-Zawahiri, Dr. Ayman 32, 47, 89–91, 92, 93, 95–96, 100, 125, 147, 148, 177, 180, 185, 202, 239, 251–252, 256, 267, 270, 278
al-Zawahiri, Mohammed 36, 147
al-Zawahiri, Muhammad al-Ahmadi 90
al-Zawahiri, Dr. Rabie 90
al-Zawahiri, Umayma (née Azzam) 90
Zawari, Shaykh: see al-Zawahiri, Dr. Ayman
Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan Charitable and Humanitarian Foundation 152
Zenawi, Meles 119
Zia, Prime Minister Begum Khaleda 209
Zia-ul-Haq, President 101
al-Zindani, Shaykh Abdul Majeed 97, 174, 267
Zionist Action Group (GSC) 250
Zivalj, Huso 141
Zouaydi, Muhammad Galeb Kalaje 241, 255
Zubayr, Dr. Muhammad 189
Zubayr Philanthropic Foundation 152
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Abbadi, Shafiq Abbas, Prime Minister Mahmoud 232
Abd al-Aziz bin Abd al-Rahman al-Saud, King (Ibn Saud) 58, 60, 65
Abd Allahi, Khalifa 17
Abdalla, Dr. Hassan Osman 107
Abdallah, Dr. Said 114
Abd al-Dahab, Khaled 270
Abd al-Quddus 119
Abd al-Rahman, Shaykh Omar Ahmad Ali 89, 91–92, 117, 119, 141, 190, 267, 270, 279
al-Abdin, Al Tayib Zein 139
Abduh, Muhammad 4, 78
Abdullah, Abdailah Kamil 191
Abdullah bin Abd al-Aziz, Prince (now King) 29, 36, 41, 216, 231, 232
Abdullah bin Abd al-Muhsin al-Turki, Prince 34
Abdulrahim, Abudhamid 276
Abdul Basit Karim: see Yousef, Ramzi
Abedia, Agha Hasan 66
Abouhalima, Mahmoud 99–100
Abu Ali Group 110
Abu Bakar, Shukri 219, 272, 273, 276
Abu Bakr 203
Abu Barra: see Khalifa, Muhammad Jamal
Abu Dahdeh 259
Abu Hasan al-Madani: see Julaidan, Wael Hamza
Abu al-Kanadi: see Khadr, Ahmed Said
Abu Khattab 33
Abu Lubaba 102
Abu Mahmoud al-Suri: see Arnaout, Enaam M.
Abu Nasir, Sayed 36
Abu Omar (Ahmad al-Hamwi) 189
Abu Qutada (Omar Mahmud Othman) 259
Abu Salih, Colonel Faisal Ali 113
Abu Samad: see Bashir, Abu Bakar
Abu Sayyaf (Abdul Rab Rasul Sayyaf) 79, 81, 82, 83, 192
Abu Sayyaf (Shaykh Fathi) 176
Abu Sayyaf Group 184–185, 188, 190, 191–197
Abu Seif (Abu Omar Mohammed al-Seif) 39
Abu Walid 178
Abu Zubayda 99
Active Islamic Youth 149
Adam, Ahmad Sheik 128
Adhijo, Ahmadou 107
al-Adnani, Shaykh Tamim 89
Adolat (Equity) Movement (Uzbekistan) 166
Afghan Support Committee 147
al-Afghani, Jamal al-Din 4, 78
Afghanistan beginnings 77–104, 300
Afghan charities 103
Al Kifah 89
Al Qaeda 77–81
Ayman al-Zawahiri 89–91
Balkans and 133–137
Emir of Jihad 83–86
foot-soldiers 96–100
Osama bin Laden and MAK 87–88
Pakistan and Al Rashid Trust 101–104
peripatetic mujahideen 92–96
Qutb 81–83
Shaykh Omar Abd al-Rahman 91–92
Wael Hamza Julaidan and Rabita Trust 100–101
Afghanistan Rescue Effort 271
Africa Confidential 123
Africa Help 98
African Muslim Agency 281, 282
Agency for Information and Documentation (Bosnia) 141
Agency for International Development (AID) (US) 196, 275
Ahmad, Babar 258
Ahmad, Dr. Israr 249
Ahmad, Maulana Mufti Rasheed 102
Ahmadiyya Muslim Association 261
Ahmed, Senator Qazi Hussain 249
Ahmer, Suleman 46
AIAI (Al Itihad al-Islamiyya) 40
Aid Organization of the Ulama 101, 103
see also Al Rashid Trust
Aideed, General Muhammad Farah 124, 125, 126
Ajaj, Ahmad 99–100, 190
al-Ajuz, Shaykh Ahmad 233
Akhtar, Qari Saifullah 102, 301
Akhwan-ul-Muslimen (Afghanistan) 82
Akida Bank Private Ltd. 70, 71, 283
Akromaya 167
Al Akhtar Trust 101, 103, 249
Al Ansar (journal) 259
Al Aqsa Martyrs Brigade 226
Al Aqsa Foundation 221, 222, 224, 226, 229, 230, 231, 232, 241, 253, 256, 275, 281
Al Aqsa Foundation (South Africa) 44
Al Aqsa Fund 216
Al Aqsa International Foundation (AAIF) 242
Al Aqsa Intifada 225, 226, 236
Al Aqsa Islamic Bank 68, 221
Al Awda (Palestine Right to Return Coalition) 244
Al Baraka Bank 109, 179
Al Baraka Exchange 68
Al Baraka Group 62, 63, 107
Al Baraka Investment and Development Company (BIDC) 68, 179
Al Barakaat Bank 40, 74
Al-Da‘wa 17
Al Ehsan charity 271
Al Farouq Mosque (Brooklyn) 89, 98, 100, 242, 270
Al Fatah (Palestinian National Liberation Movement) 212, 226, 227
Al Fatiha Foundation 188
Al Furkan Islamic Heritage Foundation 257
Al Furqan Mosque (Eindhoven) 252
Al Haramain Islamic Foundation (AHIF, Al Haramain Foundation) 38–41, 146, 148, 154–155, 174, 177, 179, 202, 210, 222, 228, 237, 248, 253, 258, 265, 270, 284
Al Haramain wa al-Masjed al-Aqsa 123, 154–155
Al Imam al-Shafi‘i Center 191
Al Islamiyya Revolutionary Tabiligh 189
Al Jamiya al-Islamiyya 232
Al Jihad (magazine) 32, 89
Al Khilafah Publications 260
Al Kifah 89, 238, 249, 268, 269–271
Al Muhajiroun (AM) 260, 262
Al Mustazafin Fund 234
Al Muwafaq Brigade 137, 145
Al Nahda (Tunisia) 70, 245
Al Nour Charity Association 232
Al Nur Islamic Information office 256
Al Nur Mosque (Berlin) 237, 240
Al Qaeda 3, 25, 26, 32, 37, 39, 44, 47, 50, 55, 56, 57, 74–75, 78, 77–81, 94, 97, 99, 106, 125–126, 127–128, 149, 151, 154, 163, 167, 175, 177, 179, 180, 183–184, 187, 189, 190, 192, 193, 195, 198, 199, 200, 202, 209–210, 229, 238, 240, 241, 242, 244, 245, 247, 249, 251, 253, 254, 255, 256, 259, 262, 268, 269, 276–277, 278, 280
see also Golden Chain
Al Qaeda al-Askariya 87
Al Quds Brigades 215, 217, 227
Al Quds Fund 215, 216, 229
Intifada and 226, 227, 230
Al Quds Press 220
Al Quds al-Sharif 215
Al Rajhi Bank 65, 67, 121
Al Rajhi Banking and Investment Corporation 35, 45, 52, 56, 65–66, 227, 280
Al Rajhi Company for Industry and Trade 66
Al Rashid Trust 101–104, 249, 301
see also Aid Organization of the Ulama
Al Riad Foundation 174
Al Risala (HAMAS weekly) 223
Al Riyadh Bank 45, 51, 228
Al Sabah, Shaykh Jaber al-Ahmed 179
Al Salah Association 231, 232
Al Shahid Fund 234
Al Shamal Islamic Bank 52, 94, 107, 109, 121
Osama bin Laden and 109, 110
Al Taqwa Management Organization 69
Al Tawhid Mosque and Foundation 253
Al Wafa Humanitarian Foundation 26, 43–45, 229, 230
Al Wafa Rehabilitation and Health Center 44, 229
Al Wafa Scrap Copper Recycling Company 44
Al Wafa Women’s Charity Association 44, 228
Al Waqf Al Islami Foundation 252, 253
al-Alami, Imad 222
Alamoudi, Abd al-Rahman 274
Albania 146–149
Albright, Madeleine 150
Albuthi, Suliman: see al-Buthe, Soliman
Alehssan Society 236
al-Alfy, Hassan 103
Algeria 248–251
Algerian Relief Foundation 271
Algerian Relief Fund 271
Al-Hijra Construction Company 94
Ali ibn Abi Talib 13, 14
Ali, Sharif Husayn bin 58
al-Ali, Suliman 153, 282–283
Ali, Siddiq Ibrahim Siddiq 99
Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) 128
‘al-Masada’ mujahideen camp 46
Al-Nasr International (charity) 142, 265
Al-Watan (The Nation) 50
Amana Mutual Funds Trust 281
Amanah Bank 193
American Muslim Coalition 267
American Muslim Council 274
“Amin” (Yemeni businessman) 184
Anati, Rahman 219, 274
Andang, Ghalib: see Commander Robot
ANZ International 62
Aodouni, Mehrez 305
al-Aqeel, Aqeel: see al-Uqayl, Shaykh Uqayl bin Abdul Aziz
Arab Bank for Economic Development in Africa (BADEA) 106, 107
Arab Bank Ltd. 214, 228
Arab Commercial Bank 62
Arab Human Rights Committee 49
Arab Islamic Bank 63
Arab League 90, 107, 223
Arab News 46
Arab People’s Bank 62
Arab Socialism 212
Arab-Albanian Bank 148
Arab–European League (AEL) 253, 255
Arab–Israeli wars 34, 60, 215, 233
Arafat, Dr. Fathi 233
Arafat, Suha 223
Arafat 4, 118, 212–213, 215, 218, 223–224, 225, 226, 233, 250, 251
Arakan Liberation Front 119
Aramco 66
al-Arian, Sami 278, 279, 281
Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) 194, 196
Armed Islamic Group (GIA) 79, 120
Algeria 70, 187, 244, 245, 251
Europe and 238, 258, 259
Armed Islamist International 118
Armitage, Deputy Secretary of State Richard 50
Arnaout, Enaam M. (Abu Mahmoud al-Suri)
North America and 267, 268, 276, 277
Saudi Arabia and 46, 47
Arroyo, President Gloria 195
Asat Trust 245
Asia: see Russia and Central Asia; Southeast Asia
Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) 55, 199, 210
Association de Secours Palestinien (ASP) 221
Association des Alpes Mari 247
Association des Musulmans de la Gironde 247
Association of Islamic Banks 62
Association of Islamic Charitable Projects 233
Association of Preaching Islam 208
ATF (Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms) 9
Atta, Mohamed 53, 202, 241
Attiya, Shawki Salama 147
Australia 29, 198, 203, 222, 240
Austria 31, 62, 69, 136, 137, 141
Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao (ARMM) 187, 194
Awami League 206, 208
al-Awda, Shaykh Abd al-Aziz 216
awqaf: see waqf
Ayadi, Chafiq 122, 252
Ayatollah Khomeini Society 146
Azam, Professor Golam 207, 208
Azerbaijan 39, 156, 159, 179, 180
Transcaucasia and 173, 174
Azerbaijan Islam Party (AIP) 173
Azhar, Maulana Masood 102
Aziz, Abdul 44, 45, 229
Aziz, Abu Abdul 134
Azzam, Dr. Abdullah Yusuf 32, 34, 35, 59, 83–86, 87–88, 89, 90, 92, 93, 100, 112
foot-soldiers and 96, 97, 98
Journey of Maktab Khadamat al-Mujahidin 32
North America and 267, 268, 270, 276
SARKS and 32
Azzam, Mahfouz 90
Badakhshan Province (Afghanistan) 81, 163
Badri, Dr. Gasim 18
Bahamas 25, 245
banks and 55, 62, 65, 71
Dallah Al Baraka 68, 69, 70, 71
Bahjat, Saad Khalil Al 110
Bahrain 16, 44, 196, 224, 231, 271
banks and 59, 62, 63, 64, 65
Bahzfulla, Hassan 283
Bakre, Hassan Mustafa 196
Bakri, Abdel Qader 100
Baksh, Taha 110
Baku 39, 120, 158, 173, 174
Bali 203, 205, 206
Balkans 131–155
Afghanistan in Bosnia 133–137
after 9/11 153–155
Muwafaq Brigade 137
Albanian imbroglio 146–149
Bosnian aftermath 143–146
Kosovo war 149–153
Third World Relief Agency 140–143
Bangkok 199, 205
Bangladesh 16, 36, 39, 101, 205, 206–210
banks and 62, 64, 66
Bangladesh National Party (BNP) 209
“Bangladesh Taliban” 209
Bangsamoro Youth League (BYL) 190
Bank Al Taqwa 25, 65, 68–71, 244, 283
Holy Land and 219, 220
Bank of Almusia 110
Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI) 66, 67, 85
Bank of England 63
Bank of Hindustan 71
Bank Islam Malaysia Berhad 64
Bank Leumi 223
banks 51–76
American banking 67
investigating 53–57
Islamic banking 61–65
Saudi banking 57–61
Sudan banking 106–109
al-Banna, Shaykh Hasan 6, 33, 80, 81, 159, 246
banks and 59, 61
Banque Al Saoudi 110
Banque de France 110
Banque Française pour l’Orient 110
Banque Indosuez 110
Banuri, Maulana Yusuf 101, 102
Barclays Bank PLC 52, 55, 261
Bari, Siraj al-Din Abdel 122, 123
Baring Brothers 59
Barre, President Mohamed Siad 124
Barzinji, Jamal 280, 281, 283
Basayev, Shamil 177, 178, 179, 181
Bashir, Abu Bakar (Abu Samad) 198, 200, 201, 203
al-Bashir, President Omar Hassan Ahmad 3, 18, 94
Balkans and 139, 140
Sudan and 113, 115, 117
Basilan 184, 185
Abu Sayyaf and 192, 193, 194, 195, 196
Basle Committee on Banking Supervision 55
Batargy (Battargee), Shaykh Adil Galil Abdul 45, 46, 114, 267
bay‘a (oath of loyalty) 79, 98
Bayazid, Mohammed Loay 46, 47, 190, 268
Bayt al-Ashuhada (House of the Martyrs) 84, 97, 99
Baz, Grand Mufti Shaykh Abdul Aziz bin 88
Bearden, Milton 87
Beghal, Jamal 99
Beirut 214, 220, 230, 233, 234, 235
Belgium, Denmark and 251–256
Benouis, Abdelkader 247
Berisha, President Sali 146, 148, 150
Bermuda Trading Company 184
Bhutto, Prime Minister Benazir 96
BIC (Benevolence International Corporation) 45, 46, 188, 189
BIF (Benevolence International Foundation) 45–47
BIF (Bosanska Idealna Futura) 46, 51
9/11 and 154
Bosnia and 144, 145, 146
Biheiri, Soliman 282, 283
Holy Land and 219
Bin Laden, Abdullah 42, 267
Bin Laden, Ghalib Mohammed 70
Bin Laden, Haydar Mohamed 65
Bin Laden, Huta 70
Bin Laden, Iman 70
Bin Laden, Osama 32, 34–35, 47, 51, 55, 56, 57, 59, 87–88, 93–95, 97, 100, 109–110, 127, 128, 148, 154, 167, 177, 180, 183–184, 186, 188, 190, 192, 197, 198, 201, 208, 209, 239, 242, 243, 245, 250, 258–259, 266, 267, 268, 269, 270, 277, 278, 284
UN and 55
Bin Laden, Salem 110
Bin Laden, Tariq 161
Bin Laden family 65, 66, 67, 69, 244
Bin Laden Group 161, 197
Bin Mahfouz, Abdul Rahman 122
Bin Mahfouz, Khaled 138, 240, 259, 281, 282
banks and 66, 67
Sudan 107, 110, 114, 123
al-Qadi and 121, 122, 123
Bin Mahfouz, Rais 122
Bin Mahfouz, Salim Ahmad 60, 66
Birlik (Uzbek political party) 165
Blackwell Publishers 123
Blessed Relief Foundation 179
BMI bank 219, 282, 283
Bodansky, Yossef 139
Bogshan, Salam Ahmed 110
Bosnia-Herzegovina 131, 132, 133–137, 138, 143–146, 225
American Relief Fund 142
UN Mission 142
Boubakeur, Dalil 246
Bouyeri, Muhammad 254
Bouziane, Abdelkader 248
Brisard, Jean-Charles 57
Brooklyn 117, 270, 279
Afghanistan and 89, 92, 98, 99
Europe and 242, 243
Brown, Gordon 259
Bulgaria 137, 252
Bush, President George W. 8, 10, 44, 199, 264, 267
Holy Land and 230, 231
Bushra, Issa 116
al-Buthe, Soliman 41, 270
CA Bankverein 69
CAIR (Council of American–Islamic Relations) 34, 264, 272, 274
Callen, Michael 67
Camp David Israeli–Palestinian negotiations 226
Campione d’Italia 69, 71, 244
Canada 276–278
Canada Customs and Revenue Agency 278
Canadian International Development Agency (CIDA) 97, 276, 277
Canadian War Crimes Unit 277
Capital Investment Management Corporation 223
Capital Trust Bank 67
CARE (Cooperative for American Relief Everywhere) 126, 212, 265
Care International, Inc. 265
Cengic, Mufti Hassan 140, 141
Center for International Policy Studies 42
Center for Muslim Studies 277
Center for Research and Revival of Islamic Heritage (Saudi Arabia) 147
Central Bank of Khartoum 109
Central Mosque (London) 237
Central Spiritual Management of the Muslims of Russia 181
Chagyrush Society 174
Chamber of Zakat and Taxes (Sudan) 18
Charitable Society for Social Welfare (CSSW) 243
Charity Coalition 224, 225, 231
Charity Commission for England and Wales 221, 256, 258, 259
Chechen–Ingush Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic 156, 175
Chechen–Ingush Society of the USA 271
Chechnya 175–180
Chehade, Muhammad 268–269
Cheppih, Ahmed 252
Cheppih, Muhammad 252, 253
Child Development Foundation 283
China 47, 156, 158, 172
Chirac, President Jaques 250, 251
Chirkeisk, Said 178
Chrétien, Prime Minister Jean 277
Christian Democrats (Netherlands) 254
Citibank 62, 67
Clark, Janine A. 13
Clinton, President Bill 22, 47, 183, 265, 266, 284
Balkans and 142
Holy Land Fund for Relief and Development (HLF) 273, 274, 275
Comité de Bienfaisance et de Secours aux Palestiniens (CBSP) 221, 248, 250
Commander Robot (Ghalib Andang) 195, 196
Commission on National Security/21st Century (USA) 274
Commission on Scientific Signs in the Quran 97
Committee for Aid to Orphans and Prisoners 224
Committee for Assistance and Solidarity with Palestine 224
Committee for Charity (Qatar) 179
Committee for the Defense of Legitimate Rights 258
Committee on Religious Affairs (Kyrgyzstan) 171
Committee for Support of the Al Quds Intifada 227, 230
Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) 161, 162, 180
Communist Party (Afghanistan) 82
Communist Party (Uzbekistan) 165
Congressional Task Force on Terrorism and Unconventional Warfare (USA) 232
Conseil de Reflexion sur l’Islam de France (CORIF) 246
Conseil Française du Culte Musulman (CFCM) 246, 248
Cordesman, Dr. Anthony 29
Corriere della Serra 219, 243
Council of Foreign Relations 44, 230
Council of Guardians (Iran) 136
Council for International People’s Friendship (CIPF) 126, 139
counterterrorism 55, 210, 262, 275
Croatia 122, 132, 141, 150, 238
Bosnia and 134, 135, 144
Saudi Arabia and 36, 39, 40
Cromer, Lord Evelyn Baring 59
al-Dabbas, Dabbas 41
Dafalla, Dr. al-Juzuli 114
Dagestan 39, 120, 158, 161
Chechnya and 178, 179
lost opportunities and 180
Dagestan–Georgia–Chechnya tri-point 175
al-Dahab,General Siwar Abd al-Rahman Muhammad 113, 115
Dallah Al Baraka Bank 64, 85
Dallah Al Baraka Exchange LLC 74
Dallah Al Baraka Group 56, 68–71, 109, 174, 221
Dallah Works and Maintenance Corporation 68
Dam, Kenneth 9
Damra, Fawaz 279
Dar Al Hijrah Mosque (Falls Church) 263
Dar al-Mal al-Islami Bank 64, 85
Dar al-Mal al-Islami Investment Corporation (DMI) 108, 129
Dar al-Mal al-Islami Trust 64–65
Dar ul-Hijra Foundation 188, 189, 192
Dar ul-Islam 200
al-Daraan, Abd al-Latif bin Abd al-Karim 39
Darkazanli, Mamoun 241
Darul Arqan movement 197
Darul Istiqamah al Haramain 204
Darul-Iman Charitable Association 23
da‘wa (establishing Islam) 6, 129, 152, 157, 232
Afghanistan and 85, 92
Europe and 237, 239
Saudi Arabia and 39, 42, 46
Southeast Asia and 188, 200
Da‘wa Committee, National 260
Da‘wa Program, Comprehensive (Sudan) 114
Dayton Peace Accords 143, 144, 145, 150, 177
de Villepin, Dominique 248
Deeb, Mustafa Hashim al-Shaykh 230
Defense of Islamic Countries as an Inherent Duty 88
Democratic League of Kosovo (LDK) 149
Denmark 36, 95, 137, 222, 251–256
Dharb-i-mumin 103
al-Din, Shaykh Iz 136
Direction de la Surveillance du Territoire 246
Diyanet Isleri Turk Islam Birligi 238
Djeranskyi, Maghomed 178
Dostum, Abdul Rashid 157
Dresdner Kleinwort Benson 62
Dubai 45, 55, 56, 68, 74, 75, 137, 184
banks and 55, 56, 68, 74, 75
Dubai Al Barakaat Bank 74
Dubai Islamic Bank 56, 62, 64
al-Dubayan, Ahmad 237–238
Dudayev, President Dzhokar (Chechnya) 120, 176, 177
Durrani, General Asad 238
Dushanbe 160, 162, 163
Dwikarna, Agus 202
East Africa 36, 113, 125, 127–128, 283
East Bengal Legislative Assembly 206
East Pakistan 206, 207
Eastern European Muslim Youth 146
Ebrahim, al-Hajj Murad 196
Educational Policy (Saudi Arabia), Higher Committee for 24
Effendi, Ibrahim 121
Egypt, zakat and 16–17
Egyptian nationalists 90
Ehrenfeld, Rachel 123–127
EIJ (Egyptian Islamic Jihad) 208
Afghanistan and 79, 85, 89, 92, 95, 96
al-Zawahiri 90, 91
Balkans and 142, 145
Albania 147, 148, 149
North America and 266, 270, 276, 279
Russia and 180
Saudi Arabia and 32, 36, 37, 47
see also Jama‘at al-Islamiyya
Eindhoven 252
El Banna, Dr. Hany 258
El Moujahed (Al Mujahideen) 138
Elashi, Ghassan 272, 273, 276
Elbarasse, Ismael 272
Elshayyal, Dr. Farid 42
El-Shifa pharmaceutical plant 67
Emdad Committee for Islamic Charity 234
Emerson, Steven 279
Jihad in America 279
Emir of Jihad: see Azzam, Dr. Abdullah Yusuf
Eritrea 112, 122, 271, 278
Erk (Uzbek political party) 165
Ershad, General H. M. 207
Erste Bank Österreich (First Austrian Bank) 140, 141, 143
Ethiopia 40, 69, 147, 244, 257
Sudan and 112, 125
al-Qadi 122, 123
Europe
Eastern 43, 111, 141, 153
Muslims in 239–240
Algeria and Palestine 248–251
France 245
Germany 240–242
Italy 242–245
Netherlands, Belgium, and Denmark 251–256
United Kingdom 256–259
Finsbury Park Mosque 260–262
European Council for Fatwa and Research 24
European Union (EU) 53, 54, 56, 214, 222, 223, 232
Executive Commission for Belgian Muslims 254, 256
External Security Organization 277
Eye to Eye 257
al-Fadl, Jamal Ahmed 98, 99
Fadlallah, Shaykh Muhammad Hussein 234, 235
Al Islam wa Mantaq al-Quwa (Islam and the Logic of Force) 234
al-Fagih, Dr. Saad 87
Fahd bin Abd al-Aziz, King 23, 66, 133, 216
Holy Land and 212, 216, 227, 230, 231
Saudi Arabia and 29, 34, 36
Faisal, King 19, 29, 65, 242
Faisal bin Abd al-Aziz, Prince 121, 129
banks and 60
Faisal Financial SA 64
Faisal Islamic Bank 64, 94, 110, 121
Sudanese practice and 107, 108, 109
Fakihi, Muhammad Jaber 237, 238, 239, 240
al-Falastini, Shaykh Taqiuddine an-Nabhani 159, 160
Falls Church 24, 142, 263, 280, 283
Families United to Bankrupt Terrorism, 9/11 57
Farrakhan, Louis 119
al-Faruq, Omar 202, 210
al-Faruqi, Ismail 280
Fathi, Shaykh: see Abu Sayyaf
fatwa 40, 102, 140, 208, 258
Afghanistan and 91, 92, 102
Russia and 167, 179
Faubourg Saint-Denis Mosque 247
al-Fawaz, Khaled 258
FBI (Federal Bureau of Investigation)
banks and 52, 54, 71, 268
Holy Land Fund for Relief and Development (HLF) 273, 274, 275
investigating charities and 266
SAAR Foundation and 280, 281, 283
WISE and 279
Federation of Muslim Student Leaders 189
Felastine al-Muslemah 99
Fi Sabilillah 192, 195
Fifth International Conference on Zakat 15
Financial Action Task Force (FATF) 49, 54–55, 57
Financing of Terrorism, International Convention for the Suppression of (UN) 54
Finsbury Park Mosque 152, 260–262
Fiqh Council of North America 283
First Conference of Jihad 89
FIS (Islamic Salvation Front) (Algeria) 70, 94, 143, 247
Sudan and 120
Fisk, Robert 137
Fortuyn, Pym 253, 254
Forum Komunikasi Ahlus Sunnah wal Jama‘ah (Sunni Communication Forum) (FKAWJ) 201
Foundation for Chechnya 39, 174, 179
Foundation Secours Mondial (FSM) 255
France 245, 248–251
Friends of Charities Association (FOCA) 270
From Dawa to Jihad (AIVD report) 254
FTATC (Foreign Terrorist Asset Tracking Center) 9–10
Funds Beyond Frontiers Foundation 253
al-Gannushi, Rashid 4, 117
Gaza Strip 9, 23, 99, 211, 212, 221, 229, 232, 236
Arafat’s corruption and 223, 224, 225
charities and 214, 215
Europe and 248, 257
HAMAS and 216, 217, 218, 219
Intifada and 225, 226, 228
North America and 271, 273, 274
Palestine Red Crescent Society (PRCS) and 212, 213
Saudi Arabia and 37, 44
Geneva Convention 31, 228
Geneva Organisation du Crime Organisé 245
Genoud, François 62
Georgia 39, 159, 174–175, 281
Germany 240–242
al-Ghozi, Fathur Rohman 195, 198, 202
Ghrewati, Baha Eldin 245
Gilan, Shaykh Mubarik Ali 267
Giro Credit 55, 110
Golden Chain 52, 51–53, 100, 145, 252
Gorbachev, President Mikhail 162, 176
Green Party (Germany) 240
GRF (Global Relief Foundation) 210, 255, 265, 267–269
Group of Twenty 55
Gufron, Perjalanan Ali (Mukhlas) 203
Gul, General Hamid 82
Gulf and African Chamber 244
Gulf Center SRL 245
Gulf Cooperation Council 61
Habib, Aadil 98
Haddad, Rabih Sami 255, 268, 269
Hadith (sayings of the Prophet) 11, 14, 58
al-Hady, Muhammad al-Bashir Muhammad 109
al-Hage, Wadih 94, 98, 128, 241, 269
hajj pilgrimage 27, 58, 158, 185
al-Halwagy, Professor Abdul Satar Abdul-Haq 130
Hamadabi, Ahmad Abd al-Rahman 119
HAMAS (Islamic Resistance Movement) 70, 216–221, 229–233, 245, 251, 253, 262, 266, 267, 271–274, 275, 280, 281
Al Majd 218
Hambali (Riduan Isamuddin) 195, 197, 198, 205
Indonesia and 200, 203
Malaysia and 195, 197, 198, 199
Hamdan, Usama 223
Hamdi, Abdel Rahim 109
Hamdi, Tarik 281
al-Hamiani, Hallal Ahmed 249
al-Hamwi, Ahmad: see Abu Omar
Happy Hearts 284
Harakat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami (Jihad Movement) (HUJI) 102, 208–209
Hasavyut, Tadjurin 178
Hashim, Nur 119
Hashim, Shaykh Salamat 187, 196
MILF and 185, 186
Hassan, Abd al-Bagi Muhammad 125
Hassan, Ahmad Bille 127
Hassan bin Talal, Crown Prince 15
Hassanein, Dr. al-Fatih Ali 140, 141, 142, 143, 238
Hassanein, Sukarno 140
Hassound, Adham Amin 271
hawala 71–75, 193, 259, 278
al-Haydar, Shaykh Abu Adil Uthman 144
Health and Education Project International 277
Health Partners International 277
Hekmatyar, Gulbuddin 79, 87, 92, 157, 163
Qutb and 81, 82, 83
al-Hennawi, Mahmud 180
Heritage Education Trust 282, 283
Herndon, Virginia 24, 263
SAAR Foundation and 279, 280, 281, 283
Hewitt, Ibrahim 221
Hezb-i-Islami (Islamic Party) 82, 87, 109, 157
al-Hifnawi, Sami Mahmoud: see al-Zawahiri, Ayman
Himmat, Ali Ghaleb 69, 70, 71
Himmatzoda, Mohammadsharif 163
Hizb Nahda (Islamic Renaissance Party of Tajikistan) (IRPT) 162–164
Hizb ut-Tahrir 256, 260
Hizb-i-Wahdat 82, 157
Hizbullah 233–236
Hizbullah Party 136
Hofmann, Dieter 141
“Hofstad Network” 254
Holy Cities 23, 27
Holy Land 211–236, 273
Arafat’s charitable corruption 223–225
charities in Palestine 214–216
HAMAS 216–221
Intifada 225–229
Lebanon and Hizbullah 233–236
Palestine and HAMAS 229–233
Palestine Red Crescent Society (PRCS) 212–214
United States response 221–223
Holy Land Fund for Relief and Development (Holy Land Foundation, HLF) 271–276
Hong Kong 52, 110, 183, 188
al-Hosain, Shaykh Saleh 38
al-Houri, Ali Saed bin 54
Huber, Albert F. A. 70
Human Appeals International (HAI) 137, 154, 240
Human Concern International (HCI) 97, 148, 153, 238, 276–277, 278
Human Relief International 148
Humana Charitable Trust 283
al-Hussein, Abdullah Osman Abdul Rahman 252
al-Hussein, Hamad 252
Hussein, King 217, 225
Hussein, Saddam 193
Hussein, Siraj Mohamed 123
HuT (Islamic Liberation Party) 159–160, 163, 166, 167, 170, 171, 172
Uzbekistan and 166, 167
IAC (Islamic African Center) 113
IAP (Islamic Association for Palestine) 265, 270, 275
IARA (Islamic African Relief Agency) 85, 113, 114, 116, 126, 262, 265, 277
Sudanese charities and 112, 113
Ibadulla, Kazi Hajji Nasrullah ibn 168
IBC (Islamic Benevolence Committee) 85, 114, 117, 144, 267
Saudi Arabia and 45, 46
Ibn Saud: see Abd al-Aziz bin Abd al-Rahman al-Saud
Ibn Saud, Muhammad 57, 58
Ibn Taymiyya 80
Ibrahim, Mahdi 140
Ibrahim bin Abdul-Aziz al-Ibrahim Fund 134, 163
ICC (Islamic Coordinating Council) 85, 112, 151
ICF (Islamic Charter Front) 3
Ichkeria, Republic of (Chechnya) 176
ICP (Islamic Committee for Palestine) 117, 217, 224
North America and 266, 278, 279
IDF (Israel Defense Force) 214, 223, 226, 228, 232
Idris, King 69
Idris, Salah 67
IHH (Turkish Humanitarian Relief Foundation, International Humanitaire Hilfsorganization) 143, 238, 240
IICO (International Islamic Charitable Organization) 70, 137
IIRO (International Islamic Relief Organization) 35–38
Ikhwan: see Muslim Brotherhood
Ikraa 161, 174, 180, 181
IMF (International Monetary Fund) 223
Imperial Bank of Persia 59
Imron, Ali 204
India 21, 36, 71, 75, 103
Europe and 258, 259
Southeast Asia and 198, 205, 208
Indonesia 200–204
infaq (spending) 11, 18
Infaq Sabilallah-Jihad Fund 200
InfoCom 275
Ingushetia 47, 176, 178, 179
Institute of the Arab World (Paris) 246
internally displaced persons (IDPs) 135, 151
International Council for Islamic Information (ICII) 200
International Development Foundation 259
International Institute for Islamic Thought (IIIT) 280, 281, 282
International Islamic Aid (IIA) 247
International Islamic Alliance of Muslim Missionaries 189
International Islamic Brigade (IIB) 177, 178, 192
International Islamic Front for Jihad against the Jews and Crusaders 208, 209
International Muslim Aid Committee to the Palestinian Nation 220
International Programme of the National Lottery Charities Board 257
INTERPAL (Palestine Relief and Development Fund) 220, 221, 224, 257, 259, 275
Intifada 117, 225–229, 233, 272, 278
HAMAS and 217, 218, 230, 232
IQRA Trust Prisoners’ Welfare 257
Iran 7, 27, 57, 64, 94, 96, 139, 277
Balkans and 134, 136, 143, 145
Albania 146, 148
Bosnia 134, 135, 136
Third World Relief Agency 141, 142
Holy Land and 234
Russia and 162, 163, 164, 166, 173
Sudan and 105, 116, 119, 126, 139
Iran–Palestine Friendship Society 234
Iranian Culture Center (Belgrade) 146
Iranian Humanitarian Aid Organization 144
Iranian Revolutionary Guards 148, 151, 235
Liberation Organization Bureau 234
Iraq 50, 96, 105, 117, 118, 160
banks and 57, 58, 61, 64
Europe and 244, 247
Holy Land and 211, 212, 218
IRIC (Islamic Research and Information Center) 189, 190, 197
IRSA (Islamic Relief Agency) 112, 113, 114, 139, 221, 262
revolution and 113, 114
Isamuddin, Riduan: see Hambali
ISCAG (Islamic Studies for Call and Guidance) 189, 191, 192
Islah (Islamic Reform Party) (Yemen) 97, 174, 242
Islah Women’s Charitable Society 13
Islamabad 83, 84, 136, 147, 277
al-Islambuli, Lieutenant Khalid Ahmad Shawki 80
Islami Chhatra Shibir (ICS) 208
Islami Oikya Jote (Islamic Unity Front) 209
Islamic Alliance to Liberate Afghanistan 82
Islamic Assembly of North America 265
Islamic Association for Palestine (IAP) 272, 273, 274
Islamic Banking Research Institute 63
Islamic Banking System International 62, 107
Islamic Call Organization 111, 113, 126, 127, 253
revolution and 113, 114
Islamic Center Charity Society 13
Islamic centers 19, 129, 182, 191, 192
banks and 69, 70
cultural 152, 237
economic 16
Europe 244, 256
Geneva 33
Herndon 263
Tucson 264, 269, 270, 272
Washington DC 263
Islamic Charity Project International 146
Islamic Charity Societies 214
Islamic Charity for Zakat 231
Islamic Circle of North America 274
Islamic Civilization Project for Africa 112, 113
Islamic Community in Germany 242
Islamic Community of Ticino 244
Islamic Company for Investment 107
Islamic Concern Project 278
Islamic Countries Educational, Scientific, Cultural Organization (ICESCO) 246
Islamic Cultural Foundation 19
Islamic Cultural Institute 243, 274
Islamic Development Bank (IDB) 21, 62, 106, 146, 157
Holy Land and 227, 231
Southeast Asia and 189, 196
Islamic Heritage orphanage 147
Islamic Human Rights Commission of France 250
Islamic Jihad Movement 3, 91, 92, 96, 226, 228, 236, 276
Palestine (IJMP) 216, 217, 220, 221, 231, 233
Yemen 97
Islamic Movement for Africa (IMA) 129
Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) 159, 166, 167, 168, 172
Islamic National Salvation Party 218
Islamic Presentation Committee (IPC) 189
Islamic Relief 146, 258
Islamic Relief (Secours Islamique) 248, 249, 250
Islamic Relief Worldwide 257, 258, 264
Islamic Relief Committee of Nazareth 274
Islamic Revival Foundation of Kuwait 149
Islamic Salvation Foundation 88
Islamic Society of North America (ISNA) 249, 264, 274
Islamic Solidarity Bank 107
Islamic Spiritual Directorates (Soviet) 158
Islamic Students’ Association 188, 208
Islamic Summit Conference of Kaaba, Third 239
Islamic Supreme Council of America 199, 230
Islamic Union of Freiburg 242
Islamic Waqf Organization 133
Islamic Wisdom Worldwide Mission 190, 192
Islamic Workers’ Union 242
Islamic World Committee 137
Islamic Young Women’s Association 231
Islamic Zakaat Fund 128
Islamic-American Zakat Foundation 271
Islamische Gemeinschaft Milli Gorus 238
Isle of Man 121, 123, 281, 283
Isma‘il, Dr. Mustafa Osman 139
ISRA (Islamic Studies and Research Association) 146
Israel 17, 47, 211, 217
Europe and 255, 259, 260, 261
North America and 272, 275, 279
Issar, Redouan 254
‘It-is-Truth’ internet campaign 97
Italian Muslim Association 243
Italy 31, 55, 69, 135, 219, 239, 242–245
Izetbegovic, President Alija 131–133, 144, 145, 153
Bosnia and 133, 134, 136
Islam Between East and West 132
“Islamic Declaration” (1970) 132
Third World Relief Agency and 140, 141, 142
Izz al-Din al-Qassam Brigades 218, 225
Jabaliyya Charity Association 224
Ja‘far al-Sadiq 14
Jahjah, Dyab Abu 253, 255
Jaish-e-Muhammad 99, 101, 102, 103, 219
Jama‘at al-Islamiyya 37, 40, 70, 144, 208
Afghanistan and 79, 80, 89, 92, 94, 96
see also EIJ
Jama‘at-i-Islami 81, 82, 157, 207, 208, 209, 249, 260
Jameel, Abdul Latif 22
Jamiyat al-Islah al-Itjimai 170
Jammah Islamiyya (JI) 187, 205
Abu Sayyaf and 195, 196, 197
Indonesia and 200, 201, 202, 203, 204
Malaysia and 198, 199, 200
Janjalani, Abdurajak Abubakar 188, 192, 193, 194, 195, 197
Janjalani, Qaddafi 195, 196, 197
Jannati, Ayatollah Ahmad 136
Jawad, Salah al-Din Abdel 100
Jemal, Geidar 156, 157
Jersey 122, 123
Jerusalem Fund for Human Services 221
Jewish Defense League 250
al-Jihad 91, 92
Jihad al-Bina‘a 235
John Paul II, Pope 183, 184, 193
Jordan, Vernon 275
Jordan
Afghanistan and 83, 99
Holy Land and 211, 218, 224
Russia and 160, 170, 176, 180
Southeast Asia and 191, 201
Jordan Charity Coalition 224
Julaidan, Wael Hamza (Abu Hasan al-Madani) 32, 122, 145, 154, 269
Rabita Trust and 100–101
Saudi Arabia and 32, 35
Jumale, Ahmed Nur Ali 74
Kabbani, Shaykh Muhammad Hisham 199, 230
Kadyrov, Akhmad 179
Kahane, Meir 270
Kamel, Shaykh Saleh Abdallah 75, 174, 221
banks and 64, 68
Sudan and 109, 121
Karadzic, Radovan 132
Karavan Construction Company 149
Karimov, President Islam Abduganievich 165, 166, 167, 168
Kashmir Muslim Front 247
Kasim, Farid 260
Katz, Rita 273, 280–281
Kazakhstan 168–171
Kazakhstanskaya Pravda 170
Kenya
Sudan and 110, 125
Al Qaeda 127, 128
Khadr, Ahmed Said (Abu al-Kanadi) 97, 276, 277
Khalid, King 29
Khalifa, Muhammad Jamal 187–191
Khalifah Trading Industries Ltd 188
Khalis, Yunnis 109
Khan, Khezretguly 168
Kharban, Kamar Eddin (Sid Ahmed Mourad) 120, 143, 238
Khartoum–Al Qaeda Nexus 106
Khatmiyya religious brotherhood 108
Khattab, Amir (Commander) 162, 164, 177, 178
Khomeini, Ayatollah 27, 91, 217, 234
King Faisal Foundation of Riyadh 65
King Faisal International Award for Islamic Studies 130
Konsojaya Trading Company 197, 198
Kor, Hakim 165
Kosovo 31, 39, 143, 146, 148, 149–153, 274
UN Mission in (UNMIK) 145, 152
Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) 148, 150, 151
Kozyrev, Andrei 156
Kumpulan Mujahideen Malaysia (KMM) 197, 199, 205
Kurdish Cultural Centre (KCC) 257
Kurdistan 45
Kuwait
Balkans and 137, 146, 149, 151
banks and 56, 61, 62, 69, 70
Russia and 157, 170, 179, 180
Kuwait Finance Group 107
Kuwait Joint Relief Committee 144, 180
Kuwaiti Society for the Revival of Islamic Heritage 174
Kuwaiti Zakat Fund 108
Kyagulanyi, Alirabaki (Shaykh Jamil Mukulu) 128
Kyrgyz National Security Council 171, 172
Kyrgyzstan 156, 157, 159, 171–173
La Vie 249
Laden International 94
al-Lahim, Shaykh Hamoud 189, 191
Principles of Islam 189
Lajnat al-Birr al-Islamiyya (LBI): see IBC
Lashkar-e-Jangvi 167
Lashkar-e-Toiba 49, 101, 103
Laskar Jihad (LJ) 197, 201
Lavrov, Sergei V. 181
League of Pakistani Islamic Propagation 189
Lebanon 116, 117, 119, 257, 269
Holy Land and 211, 213, 217, 221, 236
Hizbullah and 233–236
Lebed, Alexsandr 178
Leemount Limited 121
legislation
Bank Secrecy Act (USA) 41
Faisal Islamic Bank Act 1977 (Sudan) 107
Foreign Intelligence Service Act (FISA) (USA) 323
Income Tax Act (Canada) 278
Income Tax Act (Pakistan) 102
International Economic Powers Act (USA) 53
International Emergency Economic Powers Act 1979 (IEEPA) (USA) 275
Money Laundering Control Act (USA) 41
Patriot Act 2001 (USA) 54, 55
Public Association (1991) (Uzbekistan) 166
Saudi Banking Control Law 56
Terrorism Act (2000) (UK) 240
Libya 69, 94, 169
Southeast Asia and 185, 192, 195
Sudan and 111, 116
Liechtenstein 68, 70, 141, 245, 281
Lijnat al-Da‘wa (Kuwait) 137
Likud Party 226
Lindh, John Walker 97
Ljevakovic, Irfan 141
Lowey, Nita 274
Luxembourg 62, 67, 110, 245
Maasari, Shaykh Muhammad 258, 267
Mabrouk, Mohamed Ahmed Salama 147, 180
Macedonia 39, 135, 143, 144, 148, 258
Kosovo and 150, 151
al-Madani, Abu Hasan: see Julaidan, Wael Hamza
Madli 174
Madrasat al-Sulatiya al-Diniyah 186
Magen David Adom (Red Star of David) 228
Magtymguly Youth Association (Turkmenistan) 169
mahalla (neighborhood organization) 159
Mahdi, Ali 125, 126
al-Mahdi, Qutbi 277, 278
al-Mahdi, Prime Minister Sadiq 94, 113, 115
Mahir, Prime Minister Ahmad 90
majlis al-shura 39, 47
MAK (Mujahideen Services Bureau) 32, 51, 144, 268, 270
Afghanistan and 87–88, 89, 90
Emir of Jihad 84, 85
foot-soldiers 97, 98
mujahideen 93, 94, 96
Saudi Arabia and 32, 35, 46
Makkah Humanitarian Organization 133
Makkah Mukarramah Charity Trust, Inc. 281
Malaysia 197–200
Malaysian Central Bank 64
Malaysian Moujahedeen Group 197
Manji, Irshad 278
Trouble with Islam 278
al-Maqdisi, Abu Muhammad 256
Mar-Jac Investments 281
Margate Muslim Association 261
Martyrs Foundation 234
Marzouk, Musa Abu 267, 282, 283
Holy Land and 219, 223
Fund for Relief and Development (HLF) 271, 272, 275
Mash‘al, Khaled 222, 223, 225, 232
Maskhadov, General Aslan 178, 179
al-Masri, Abu Hamza 260, 261, 262
al-Masri, Hani 223
al-Masri, Saif al-Islam 47, 175, 179
al-Masri, Sayf-al-Adl 26
al-Masri, Shaykh Said 53
Massoud, Ahmad Shah 157
al-Maududi, Maulana Sayyid Abu al-‘Ala 80, 81, 186, 207
Mauritania 111, 128, 129, 137
Mawdudi Institute 201
Mecca 22, 23, 111, 159, 185
banks and 58, 68
Saudi Arabia and 27, 35, 38
“Mecca Declaration” 239
Medani, Shaykh Abbasi 247
Medical Aid for Palestine (MAP) 221, 257
Medina 58, 102
zakat and 11, 20, 23
al-Mekki, Ibrahim 91
Mena Investments, Inc. 281
Mendoza Jr., Rodolfo Bauzon 191
Mercy International Relief Organization (MIRO) 188, 189, 283
Balkans and 153
Sudan and 126, 128
United Kingdom 259
Meta, Prime Minister Ilir 149
al-Mezain, Imam Mohammad 267, 273
Middle East Media Research Institute (MEMRI) 226
Middle School Number One, Beslan 181
MILF (Moro Islamic Liberation Front) 185–187
Millward, William 126
Milosevic, President Slobodan 132, 149, 150, 151
Mirza, Abduwal 165
Mirza, Yaqub 280
Misuari, Nur 185–187, 194
Mit Cham Savings Bank 62
MNLF (Moro National Liberation Front) 185, 187
Abu Sayyaf and 192, 194
Moafak el Hairiya (Blessed Relief) 123
al-Moayad, Shaykh Mohammad Ali Hassan 242
Mock, Alois 136
Mohammed, Ali 99–100, 127, 270
Mohammed, Prime Minister Mahathir 197, 198, 200
Morocco 42, 62, 132, 170, 244
Mostan International 282
“Mothers of Srebrenica and Podrinje” 145
Mourad, Sid Ahmed: see Kharban, Kamar
Moussaoui, Zacarias 54, 199
Movement for Islamic Reform 87
Movement for National Unity and Revival (Tajikistan) 164
MSA (Muslim Students’ Association of the United States and Canada) 263, 264, 277, 282, 291
Mu‘awiya ibn Abi Sufyan 13, 14
Mubarak, President Hosni 17, 83, 123, 147
mudarabah (partnerships) 63, 70
Mugniyah, Imad 235
Muhammad, Ali Mahdi 125
Muhammad, Khaled Shaykh 96, 97, 137, 184
Muhammad, Omar Bakri 260
Muhammad, Zahid Shaykh 137
Muhammad al-Faisal al-Saud, Prince 65, 68, 107, 109
Mukhlas: see Gufron, Perjalanan Ali
Mukhtar, Brigadier Kamal Ali 114
Mukhtar, Sharaf al-Din Ali 114
Multi-Donor Trust Fund 196
Murad, Abdul Hakim 183, 184
Museveni, President Yoweri Kaguta (Uganda) 140
Musharraf, President Pervez 101, 103, 168
Muslim Aid 221, 257, 258
Muslim Arab Youth Association (MAYA) 273
Muslim Association 42, 261
Muslim Brotherhood
Abd al-Rahman and 91, 92
Al Qaeda and 79, 80
banks and 58, 59, 61, 62
HAMAS and 217, 219, 220
Holy Land and 214, 220, 221
Palestinan wing 215
Russia and 163, 176
al-Zawahiri and 90
Muslim Council of Britain 259–260
Muslim Council of France 245
Muslim Cultural Society of Enfield and Haringey 260, 261
Muslim Girls’ and Young Women’s Association 261
Muslim Hands 257
Muslim Investment Corporation 42
Muslim Religious Office for Kazakhstan 171
Muslim Salvation Organization of Burma 205
Muslim Welfare House 261
Muslim Youth 43
Muslim Youth Society 131, 219
Muslims of the Americas 267
Muttahida Majlis-e-Amal coalition 249
Muwafaq Foundation 54, 248, 252
Balkans and 137, 138, 146, 149
Sudan and 113, 114, 117, 126, 240
Muwafaq Society 138
MWL (Muslim World League) 33–35, 263, 284
Myanmar (Burma) 206, 209
Nabiev, Rakhmon 162
Nada, Youssef Mustafa 69, 70, 71, 220
Italy and 244, 245
North America and 281, 282, 283
Nada International 281
Nada Management Organization 69, 71
Nafi, Dr. Bashir 266, 278–279
al-Naggar, Ahmed Ibrahim 147–148
Nahda Society 228
al-Nahyan, Shaykh Hamdan ibn Zayed 230
Naif bin Abd al-Aziz al-Saud, Prince 24, 101, 227, 230, 231
Naipaul, V. S. 200
Among the Believers 200
Najibullah, Mohammad 92–93
al-Najjar, Ahmad 62
Namangani, Juma 167
al-Namlah, Dr Ali bin Ibrahim 38, 41
Naqai, Shaykh Abu Abdul Aziz 44
Naqshabandi, Shaykh Bahauddin 165
Nasco Business Residence Center 245
Naseef, Dr. Abdullah Omar 101
Nasir, Lt. General Javed 103
Nasr, Fadlallah Burma 115
Nasreddin, Ahmed Idris 69, 70, 283
Italy and 244, 245
Nasreddin Company (Nasco SAS) 245
Nasreddin Foundation 69, 70
Nasreddin International Group 69, 245
Nasser, President Gamal Abdel 59, 60, 111, 130, 159, 212
Afghanistan and 79, 80, 90
zakat and 16, 17
National Arab Bank 45
National Bank of Abu Dhabi 107
National Commercial Bank (NCB) 45, 51, 56, 66–68, 121, 151, 227
Saudi banking and 59, 60, 61
National Democratic Alliance (NDA) (Sudan) 139
National Liberation Front (Algeria) 120
National Terrorist Financial Investigation Unit (NTFIU) 261
National Youth Organization Associations 126
NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) 150, 151, 153, 155
Nawaf bin Abd al-Aziz, Prince 100, 101
Nazarov, Imam 166
Nazzal, Mohammad 99, 218–219
al-Nehdi, Khaled 68
Netanyahu, Benjamin 225
Netherlands Alislamic Aluok Foundation 146
Netherlands Antilles 55, 283
Netherlands, Belgium and Denmark 221, 251–256
“New Financiers of Terror” (Italy) 244
New Islamic Order 177
New Jersey 47, 142, 219, 270, 274, 282
New Jihad Group 91
New York Times 231, 269
Newsbreak 194
NGOs (non-government organizations) 10, 85, 140, 210
Europe and 238, 257
Holy Land and 212, 234
North America and 276, 278
Russia and 157, 159, 166, 167, 168, 174
Saudi Arabia and 35, 49
Sudan and 114, 117, 126
NIF (National Islamic Front) 3, 18
Balkans and 139, 141
Sudan and 109, 113, 114, 123
banking 108
People’s Defense Force (PDF) 115, 116
Nigeria 111, 128, 129, 130, 205
Nigeria Islamic Foundation 129
Nilein Industrial Bank 107
Nimatullahi Sufi order 248
nisab (property) 11, 18
Niyazov, President Saparmyrat (Turkmenistan) 168, 169–170
Ruhnama (The Book of the Soul) 169
NMCC (National Management Consultancy Center) 67, 121
Nomani, Shaykh 119
North American charities 263–286
Al Kifah and Al Haramain 269–271
BIF and GRF 267–269
Canadian connections 276–278
Holy Land Fund for Relief and Development (HLF) and 271–276
investigating 264–267
SAAR Foundation 279–284
WISE and 278–279
North Texas Joint Terrorism Task Force 275
NSRCC (National Salvation Revolutionary Command Council) 114, 115, 116
NSSWO (Non-Sudanese Students Welfare Organization) 127
al-Numayri, President Ja‘far 108, 113, 115, 139
Nurhasyim, Amrozi bin Haji 204
al-Nuri, Nadir 280
Nurjaman, Encep: see Hambali
al-Obaid, Dr. Abdullah 34
Occupied Land Fund 219, 271, 272
Odeh, Shaykh Abd al-Aziz 117, 266
OFAC (Office of Foreign Assets Control) 9, 41, 43, 53, 54, 71
Office of the Protection of the Constitution (BfV) 238, 240
Ogaden Islamic Union 119
OIC (Organization of the Islamic Conference) 77, 159, 216, 236
Balkans and 135, 136
Southeast Asia and 187, 206
Olimpio, Guido 243
Om al-Qura Foundation 200, 205
Oman 16, 64, 230
Omar, Mullah Mohammed 97, 98, 102
Omar, Shaykh 262
Onos, Hadji 195
OPEC (Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries) 34, 60, 196
Open Society Institute 168
Operation Blue Marlin 184
Operation Bojinka 46, 96, 183, 184, 188
Malaysia and 197, 198
Operation Defensive Shield 228
Operation Green Quest 43, 54, 280, 281, 282, 283
Operation Green Veil 195
Operation Peace for Galilee 233
Operation Restore Hope (Somalia) 125, 127
Organization of Asian Students in Cairo 186
Orphans’ Assistance Association 232
Oslo Accords 213, 220, 225
Declaration of Principles 213
Othman, Omar Mahmud: see Abu Qutada
Ottoman Empire 15, 31, 58
Overseas Private Investment Corporation (OPIC) (USA) 223
Pacquette, Claude 277
Padilla, Jose 46
Pahlavi, Shah Reza 7
PAIC (Popular Arab and Islamic Congress) 128, 136, 156, 177
General Assembly 118, 119
al-Turabi and 118, 119, 120
Pakistan 101–104
Pakistan Muslim Social Welfare Association 247, 249
Pakistan National Economic Council 103
Pakistan Scholars/Ulema Society 208
Pakistan Second Constituent Assembly 206
Palestine 214–216, 229–233
Palestine Charity Committee 280
Palestine Islamic Jihad (PIJ) 107, 117, 218, 220, 227, 236
North America and 266, 279
Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) 212, 213, 226, 233
Arafat’s corruption and 223
charities and 214, 215, 216
Europe and 250, 251
HAMAS and 217, 218, 219, 220
Palestinian Executive Committee 213
“PLO Bank” 214
Palestine National Council 213
Palestine Relief and Development Fund: see INTERPAL
Palestine Welfare Association (PWA) 214
Palestinian Association of Austria 221
Palestinian Monetary Authority 231
Palestinian Student Friends Association 231
Palestinian–Israeli peace agreement 68
Pan-Malaysian Islamic Party 198, 200
Pankisi Gorge 174, 175
“Paris Conference on Humanitarian and Charitable Societies” 49
Partisans Movement in Kashmir 208
Party of Democratic Action (SDA) (Bosnia) 132, 141, 144
Pasha-Sade, Shaykh-ul-Islam Allahshukyur 173
Pathfinder Investments 283
Pattani United Liberation Organization (PULO) 203, 204–205
Patterns of Global Terrorism (State Department) 266
PDF (People’s Defense Force) (Sudan) 115–117, 122
Peace Committee and “War of Liberation” (Pakistan) 208
Peace and Development Foundation 114, 126
Pearl, Daniel 103
Pentagon Group (Philippines) 188
People’s Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) 82
Persian Gulf 23, 47, 59
Peshawar
Connection 86
Emir of Jihad and 84, 85
Osama bin Laden and 87, 88
Peshawar–Al Qaeda Nexus 78
al-Zawahiri and 90, 91
“Peshawar Seven” 82
Philippine Council for Peace and Development 194
Philippine Muslim Student Organization 186
Philippines
Indonesia and 200, 201, 202, 203
Malaysia and 197, 198, 200
Saudi Arabia and 36, 37, 45, 46
Pipes, Daniel 286
Popular Committee for Assisting the Palestinian Mujahideen (PCAPM) 215, 227
Popular Front (Tajikistan) 162
Powell, Colin 57
Prince Sultan Ibn Abdul Aziz Special Committee for Relief (SCR) 128
Putin, President Vladimir 179, 181
Qaddafi, Colonel Muammar 69, 111, 169, 185
Green Book 169
al-Qadi, Yassin Abdullah 121–124, 149, 154, 221, 240
al-Qaradawi, Shaykh Yousuf Abdullah 24–25, 61, 70, 179
Holy Land and 220, 224, 225
North America and 267, 271
Qasim, Talaat Fouad Abdul 36, 85, 96
Qatar 17, 24, 179, 271
Holy Land and 224, 230, 231
Qatar Charitable Society 137, 240
al-Qattan, Shaykh Ahmed 271
Quddus, Imtiaz 209
Quranic Literacy Institute 124
Qutb, Muhammad 59
Qutb, Sayyid 81–83, 163, 186
Fi Zilzal al-Quran (In the Shade of the Quran) 79
Ma‘aallim Fittareek (Milestones) 79
Rabbani, Burhanuddin 79, 81, 82
Rabita Trust 57, 100–101, 145, 157
Rabitatul Mujahideen coalition 203
Racak massacre 151
Radjab, Muhammad 165
Rahman, Abdur 176
Rahman, Bangabandu Shaykh Mujibur 206, 207, 208
“Our Charter of Survival” 206
Rahman, Mustafa 89
Rahman, General Ziaur “Zia” 207
Rajah Sulaiman Movement 196
al-Rajhi, Saleh Abd al-Aziz 282
al-Rajhi, Shaykh Suleiman Abd al-Aziz 66, 121, 280, 281, 282
al-Rajhi, Yousif Abdullah 66
Rakhmonov, President Imomali 160, 162, 164
Ramadan, Said 33
Ramadan, Tariq 246
Rantissi, Abdel Aziz 223, 232
al-Rashed, Abd al-Rahman 48
al-Rashid, Salah 189
al-Rashid, Suleiman 100
Rashidah, Khilafah 13
RCC: see NSRCC
Reagan, President Ronald 82
Red Army 156, 175
Red Crescent Societies 35, 100, 114, 169, 213
Afghanistan and 85, 90, 91
Balkans and 137, 144, 145
Holy Land and 212, 213, 229, 230
Lebanese 213, 233, 234
Palestinian (PRCS) 212–214, 215, 228
HAMAS 232
Lebanon 233
Saudi Arabia (SARCS) 31–33
Red Cross 6, 31, 169, 214
Holy Land and 212, 213, 214
Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies, International Commission for (ICRC) 16, 31, 33, 212, 213, 228
Regional Islamic Dawah Council of Southeast Asia and the Pacific (RISEAP) 199–200
Rehman, Maulana Fazlur 249
Renseignements Généraux (RG) 246
Republica (Albania) 148
Ressemi, Ahmet 145
Reston Investments, Inc. 281
Rida, Rashid 4, 78
al-Ridi, Essam 110
Riyadh 47–50
Rohingya Solidarity Organization (RSO) 209
Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) 278
royal family, Saudi 27, 34, 35, 36, 41, 94
banks and 57, 58, 62, 66
Holy Land and 214, 221, 229, 230
North America and 264, 281
Russia and 161, 173
Sudan and 108, 111
see also Saud, House of
Rugova, President Dr Ibrahim 149, 150
Russia and Central Asia 156–182
Chechnya 175–180
Georgia 174–175
Kyrgyzstan 171–173
lost opportunities 180–182
outsiders and 159–161
Russian army 162
Tajikistan 161–164
Transcaucasia 173–174
Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan 168–171
Uzbekistan 164–168
Russian Federal Security Service (FSB) 39, 161, 178, 180
Russian–Saudi detente 161
Saad, Abd al-Salaam Sulayman 111
Saad, Servakh Abed 161, 180
al-Saadawi, Alaa 47
Saakashvili, Mikheil 175
SAAR (Suleiman Abd al-Aziz al-Rajhi) Foundation 157, 265, 279–284
Sabbagh, Hasib 214
Sabra massacre 257
Sacirbey, Nedzib 131
sadaqa (gifts) 7, 11, 17, 43, 129, 265
Europe and 248, 250, 251
Holy Land and 214, 227
Sadat, President Anwar 147
Afghanistan and 80, 83, 89, 91, 92
zakat and 16, 17
al-Sadiq, Isma‘il 14
Safa Group 282, 283
Safa Trust 280, 281, 282
Salafi Brigade for Call and Combat (Algeria) 4, 244
Salafist Islamist movement 198
Salafiyya Movement 58, 78
Salim, Mamdouh 145, 268
Salman bin Abd al-Aziz, Prince 26, 32, 36, 41, 88
Balkans and 133, 144, 145
Holy Land and 216, 227
Salvation International Islamic Organization 180
SAMA (Saudi Arabian Monetary Authority) 56, 57, 64, 65, 67, 68, 232
Samudra, Imam 204
Sana-Bell Al Kheer 283
Sanabel al-Khair (Seeds of Charity) 36
Sanabil Association for Relief and Development 221, 233
al-Sanoussi, Ibrahim 116
Sanusiyya Brotherhood 69
Sarkozy, Nicolas 246, 248
Satar, Shaykh Abdullah 243
Saud, House of 4, 29, 57, 60, 65
Saud bin Abd al-Aziz al-Saud, King 29, 60, 66, 263
Saudi American Bank 45, 227
Saudi Arab Finance Corporation 110
Saudi Arabia and Islamic charities 23–25, 26–50
Al Haramain Islamic Foundation (AHIF) 38–41
Al Wafa Humanitarian Organization 43–45
Benevolence International Foundation (BIF) 46–47
donations 26–30
International Islamic Relief Organization (IIRO) 35–38
Muslim World League (MWL) 33–35
Riyadh bombings and 47–50
Saudi Arabia Red Crescent Society (SARCS) 31–33
World Assembly of Muslim Youth (WAMY) 41–43
Saudi Arabia National Human Rights Association 34
Saudi Benevolent Society 36
Saudi French Bank 228
Saudi High Commission for Aid to Bosnia (SHCB) 144, 154
Saudi High Relief Commission for Bosnia (SHRC) 33, 39, 134, 144, 145, 149, 153, 154
Kosovo and 151, 152
Saudi Joint Relief Committee for Kosovo and Chechnya (SJRC) 100, 151, 304
Saudi-British Bank 228
Saudi-Sudanese Bank 107, 121
SAUDIFIN (Saudi Finance Corporation) 110
Save the Children 257
Sayadi, Nabil (Abu Zaynab) 241, 255
al-Sayari, Hamad 56, 57
Sayyaf, Abdul Rab Rasul: see Abu Sayyaf
Schily, Otto 241
Schumer, Senator Charles 222
Scottish Charities Office 257
SDGTs (specially designated global terrorists) 44, 54, 56, 100, 259
SEDCO (Saudi Economic and Development Company) 66
Sedki, Prime Minister Atef (Egypt) 103
Sedky, Dr. Cherif 282
al-Seif, Abu Omar Mohammed: see Abu Seif
Senegal 128, 129, 249
September 11 2001 (9/11) 1, 96, 134, 137, 199, 252, 284
see also North America charities
Serbia 132, 133, 140, 150, 153, 258
Bosnia and 134, 135, 136, 143
Kosovo and 150, 151
Shaban, Shaykh Said 117
al-Shafi‘i, Muhammad ibn Idris 5
Shah, Wali Khan Amin 184, 198
Shahid, Leila 251
Shalabi, Mustafa 89
Shallah, Ramadan Abdullah 279
Shamzai, Nizamuddin 102
Shanghai Cooperation Organization
Charter for 173
Declaration of 172
“Shanghai Five” 172
Shaqaqi, Khalil 117
Shari‘a 114, 260
al-Sharif, Saad 54
Sharon, Ariel 226
Shatilla massacre 257
Shaykh, Sahid 259
al-Shaykh, Saleh 42
Shaykh Eid-ben Mohammed al-Thani Foundation 179
Shaykh Zayed bin Sultan al-Nahayyan Charitable and Humanitarian Foundation 256
Shevardnadze, Eduard 175
al-Shibh, Ramzi bin 54
Shifa International Hospitals Ltd. 121
al-Shiqaqi, Dr Ahmad Fathi 216, 279
Shishli Children’s Hospital 21
SIDO (Sub-Saharan International Development Organization) 123
Singapore 183, 184, 195, 198, 200, 206
Indonesia and 201, 202, 203
Thailand and 206
Sipah-e-Sahaba 167
Six Day War 212, 234
Siyam, Shaykh Muhammad 273
Slovenia 135, 141, 144
Social Care Committee 231
Social Reform Society 137
Society of Converts to Islam 260
Society of Muslim Lawyers 260
Society for Social Reform (SSR) (Kuwait) 180
Somalia 124–127
Soros, George 168
South Kazakhstan Humanitarian Academy 170
South Relief Agency 32
Southeast Asia 53, 82, 83, 97, 183–210
Abu Sayyaf Group 191–197
Bangladesh 206–210
Indonesia 200–204
Malaysia 197–200
Moro Islamic Liberation Front (MILF) 185–187
Muhammad Jamal Khalifa 187–191
Southern Thailand 204–206
Spain 43, 194, 202, 205
Europe and 240, 241, 244, 250, 259
Special Arab Aid Fund for Africa (Saudi Arabia) 107
Spiritual Administration for Muslims of Central Asia 168, 173, 181
State Committee on Religious Affairs (Uzbekistan) 166
Sterling Charitable Gift Fund 281, 282, 283
Sterling Management Group 281
Success Foundation 283
Sudan, revolutionary 105–130
30 June Revolution 113, 115, 117
Sudan and Islamic charities 17–18, 105–130
Al Qaeda, East Africa and 127–128
banking 106–109
Hasan al-Turabi 117–121
Khartoum–Al Qaeda Nexus 106
Osama bin Laden 109–110
People’s Defense Force (PDF) 115–117
Revolution 113–115
in Somalia 124–127
in West Africa 128–130
Yassin Abdullah al-Qadi and Muwafaq 121–124
Sudan People’s Liberation Army (SPLA) 109, 115, 116
Sudanese Financial Committee for Supporting the Kosovo Muslims 152
Sudanese Islamist movement 96
Sufi brotherhoods (tariqa) 58, 119, 158, 176
Sukarnoputri, President Megawati 203
Suliman, Fadil 42
Sultan bin Abd al-Aziz, Prince 68, 128, 230
Sungkar, Abdullah 198
Supreme Authority of Senior Scholars (Saudi Arabia) 173
Supreme Committee for the Collection of Donations for the Muslims of Bosnia 133, 134
Supreme Council for the Funds of Al Aqsa and the Al Quds Intifada 227
Supreme Council of Islamic Affairs 30
al-Suwaylim, Mansur 33
al-Suwaylim, Samir Salih Abdallah: see Abu Khattab
Switzerland
banks and 68, 69, 70, 71
Islamic system 62, 64, 65, 74
Europe and 239, 244, 245, 246, 259
Syria 21, 22, 160, 176, 189, 192
banks and 58, 62, 64, 70
Holy Land and 211, 212, 213, 234
Taba Investments 94
Tadamon Bank 94, 107, 108, 109, 110
Taha, Ali Osman 114
Taha, Muhammad 215
Taher, Abdel Hadi 100
Tajikistan 161–164
Islamic Resistance Party of Tajikistan 82
Tajik Communist Party 162
Talaa al-Fateh (Egypt) 89, 91
Taliban 4, 6, 22, 209, 229, 259
Afghanistan and 98, 102, 103
banks and 53, 55
Europe and 253, 258, 261
Russia and 157, 160, 163, 167
Saudi Arabia and 26, 37, 44
Tanzania 2, 40, 49, 56, 98, 145, 154, 241, 243, 259, 269
Sudan and 110, 128
Tarikh Osama (“Osama’s history”) 51
Task Force on Terrorism and Unconventional Warfare (US House of Representatives) 140
Tatarstan 157, 158, 181
Tawil, Raymonda 223
Tax and Zakat Commission 16
Terrorist Financing, Working Group on 57
terrorist lists
Islamist organizations 95
United Nations 68, 101, 181, 195
United States 195, 222, 234, 235, 266, 268
Thaci, Hashim 150
Thakur, Dr. Ayub 259
Thalib, Ustad Ja‘afar Umar 201
Third World Relief Agency (TWRA) 140–143
Thomas Jefferson Cultural Center 193
Times of London 116
Tita, Mohammed Hassan 147
Totonji, Ahmad 282
“Tottenham Ayatollah”: see Muhammad, Omar Bakri
Transcaucasia 173–174
Transitional Military Council (TMC) (Sudan) 113, 114
Trueco 22
Tudjman, Franjo 132
Tunisia 4, 62, 69, 245, 252
Holy Land and 217, 219
Russia and 160, 170
Sudan and 116, 117, 120
al-Turabi, Hasan 2–3, 117–121, 156–157, 177, 197, 267, 277, 279
Turajanzade, Mullah Akhbar 162, 163
Turkey 62, 92, 189, 220, 238, 256
Balkans and 136, 141, 142, 143, 144
Albania 146, 147
Russia and 157, 166, 170, 173, 182
zakat and 20, 21, 22
Turki al-Faisal bin Abd al-Aziz al-Saud, Prince 68, 88, 157
Turkish Advisory and Welfare Centre 257
Turkish Prosperity Party (RAFAH) 238, 241
Turkmenistan 157, 158, 168–171
UASR (United Association for Studies and Research) 271, 272
Uganda 21, 107, 112, 128, 140, 278
ulama (learned clerics) 7, 8, 33, 58, 166
zakat and 12, 14
Umar ibn al-Khattab, Caliph 13, 20
Unified National Leadership of the Uprising (UNLU) 218, 314
Unified Treasury of the National Palestinian Authority 227
Union des Organisations Islamiques de France (UOIF) 246
Union of Muslim Organizations of Italy (UCOII) 244, 245
United Arab Emirates (UAE) 17, 44, 157, 161, 196
banks and 68, 70, 74, 75
investigating 55, 56
Holy Land and 229, 230
United Kingdom (UK) 256–259
United Kingdom Islamic Education Foundation 257
United Malays National Organization 198
United Nations High Commission for Refugees 144, 229
United Nations International Children’s Emergency Fund (UNICEF) 126
United Nations International Task Force (UNITAF) 125
United Nations Relief and Works Agency (UNRWA) 212, 232, 233
United States of America (USA) 221–223
see also North American charities
United Tajik Opposition (UTO) 162, 163
Unity Bank 107
al-Uqayl, Shaykh Uqayl bin Abdul Aziz (Aqeel al-Aqeel) 40, 41, 253
Uthman, Caliph 13
Uzbekistan 164–168
van Aartsen, Jozias 254
van Gogh, Theo 254
Vitug, Marites Daguilan 194
Vlaams Blok Party (Belgium) 256
Voice of Saudi Arabia 161
Voluntary Agencies (Sudan), Commissioner General for 122
WAFA (Palestine news agency) 44
al-Wahhab, Shaykh Muhammad ibn Abd 4, 23, 57, 58, 59
Wajed, Shaykh Hasina 208, 209
Wali Mekbal al-Juabirah Association 224
Wall Street Journal 103
Walton, Charles 194
WAMY (World Assembly of Muslim Youth) 15, 41–43, 222, 228, 232, 284
waqf (endowments) 18, 19–23, 36, 81, 129, 169
Holy Land and 214, 215, 218
Waqf Al Birr Education Trust 257
waqf khayr (charitable trust) 19, 44
“War of Liberation” (Bangladesh) 206, 207
Washington Post 8, 284
Washington Times 41
Welfare Association (Ta‘awoun) (UK) 257
West Africa 107, 113, 119, 128–130, 249
West Bank 9, 23, 68, 211, 212, 221, 236
Afghanistan and 83, 99
Arafat’s corruption and 223, 224, 225
Europe and 248, 257
HAMAS and 217, 218, 219, 229, 231
Intifada and 225, 226, 228
North America and 273, 274
Palestine Red Crescent Society (PRCS) and 212, 213
West Pakistan 206
Wisdom Enrichment Foundation (WEFOUND) 199, 200
Wisdom Journal 190
Wolfsberg Group 54
World Bank 196, 223
World Health Organization (WHO) 212
World and Islamic Studies Enterprise (WISE) 265, 278–280, 281
World Islamic Banking Conference (2002) 65
World Islamic League 161
World Kashmir Freedom Movement 259
World Trade Center 2, 8, 9, 30, 190, 241
Afghanistan and 96, 183, 184
Balkans and 137, 154
banks and 53, 68
North American charities and 267, 272
Xinjiang 172, 173
al-Yacoub, Ibrahim Salih Mohammed 54
Yahya of Yemen, Imam 58
Yakutsia 161, 181
al-Yamani, Mohammed Abed 161
Yaquby, Shaykh Nizam 63
Yasin, Shaykh Ahmed Isma‘il 215, 222, 225
HAMAS and 216, 217, 218
Palestine and 215, 232
Yeltsin, President Boris 177, 178
Yemen 13, 180, 184, 201, 205, 224
Afghanistan and 90, 93, 94, 97
Balkans and 133, 147, 154
banks and 58, 60, 66
Europe and 242, 243
North America and 275, 278
Yemen Society for Social Welfare 243
Yemeni Development Forum 257
Yew, Lee Kuan 206
York Foundation 281, 282
Yousef, Ahmed bin 272
Yousef, Ramzi 96–97, 184, 193, 197, 205
Muhammad Jamal Khalifa and 190
Yugoslavia 119, 131, 132, 135, 150
Yusuf, Azzam Mustafa 224
Zahiragic, Munib 154
zakat 11–25
waqf (endowments) 19–23
Zakat Account 39
zakat al-amwal al-batina 80
Zakat Board (Sudan) 18
Zakat Committee of Khan Younis 214
Zakat Committee of Ramallah 214
Zakat Committee of Tulkarem 214
Zakat Committee of Zenin 214
Zakat Fund, International 15
zakat, international conferences on 15, 24
Zalloum, Abdul Qadeem 159
Zamboanga Islamic Institute of the Philippines 193
Zarate, Juan 222
al-Zawahiri, Dr. Ayman 32, 47, 89–91, 92, 93, 95–96, 100, 125, 147, 148, 177, 180, 185, 202, 239, 251–252, 256, 267, 270, 278
al-Zawahiri, Mohammed 36, 147
al-Zawahiri, Muhammad al-Ahmadi 90
al-Zawahiri, Dr. Rabie 90
al-Zawahiri, Umayma (née Azzam) 90
Zawari, Shaykh: see al-Zawahiri, Dr. Ayman
Zayed Bin Sultan Al Nahyan Charitable and Humanitarian Foundation 152
Zenawi, Meles 119
Zia, Prime Minister Begum Khaleda 209
Zia-ul-Haq, President 101
al-Zindani, Shaykh Abdul Majeed 97, 174, 267
Zionist Action Group (GSC) 250
Zivalj, Huso 141
Zouaydi, Muhammad Galeb Kalaje 241, 255
Zubayr, Dr. Muhammad 189
Zubayr Philanthropic Foundation 152
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